被动语态中 by 短语肯定是方式状语了。这位网友想要出处和依据,我查了一下有关的语法著作。查到《薄冰高级英语语法》第14. 11节(状语)有这样一句:
He is one of 50 workers sent by Beijing’s Lido Hotel to
薄冰教授认为在该句中:
by Beijing’s Lido Hotel 是方式状语
to Tibet 是地点状语
to train local staff 是目的状语
by a stone:表示行为者是谁或起作用的事物是什么(石头),意为:靠,用,通过,被,由
《柯林斯词典》对 by 的注释:
1. PREP If something is done by a person or thing, that person or thing does it. 被
例:
The feast was served by his mother and sisters.
宴席由他的母亲和姐妹们招待。
例:
I was amazed by their discourtesy and lack of professionalism.
我为他们的无礼和职业精神的缺乏所震惊。
2. PREP If you say that something such as a book, a piece of music, or a painting is by a particular person, you mean that this person wrote it or created it. 由…创作
例:
A painting by Van Gogh has been sold in New York for more than eighty-two million dollars.
一幅由梵高创作的画在纽约卖到超过八千二百万美元。
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