Research confirms that the findings concerning senior citizens can be applied to restless children. They are more easy-going when there are animals around, with whose company they tend to calm down more easily.
为什么红色部分的 whose 不能用 their,为什么用 their 要在前面加个 and?
为便于理解,我们把问题简单化一下,请看下面一道试题:
He is a famous writer, most of _____ books are popular.
A. his B. whose D. those D. these
此题最佳答案为B,但很容易误选A。假若单独看He is a famous writer和Most of his books are popular 这两句话,它们并不错,但将它们放在一起用逗号连接就不甚妥当了。因为,英语句子按其结构来划分,可分为简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句四种,也就是说,一个规范的英语句子,从结构上说,它必须隶属以上四类句型之一。但上面一题若选A,则它既不是简单句(因为它有两个主谓结构),也不是并列句(因为它没有并列连词),也不是复合句(因为它没有主从句之分),当然它更不是并列复合句,所以选A是错误的。可以选D,是因为空白处填了 which 之后,后一句即成了一个非限制性的定语从句,前一句即为主句,整个句子即为一个复合句。比较以下各句:
(1) He is a famous writer, and most of his books are popular.
句中用了并列连词,整个句子为并列句。
(2) He is a famous writer, most of whose books are popular.
本句的后半部分用了 whose,使之成为定语从句,整个句子为复合句。
(3) He is a famous writer, most of his books being popular.
本句的后半部分用了非谓语动词 being,故逗号处不用并列连词,整个句子为简单句。
更多分析可参考英语语法网的以下文章:
http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/201704/5123.html
http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/201511/4433.html
Research confirms that the findings concerning senior citizens can be applied to restless children. They are more easy-going when there are animals around, with whose company they tend to calm down more easily.
为什么红色部分的 whose 不能用 their,为什么用 their 要在前面加个 and?
【答】网友的意思是:
They are more easy-going when there are animals around, with whose company they tend to calm down more easily. (主从句) 等于:
They are more easy-going when there are animals around, and with their company they tend to calm down more easily. (并列句)
这实际是定语从句和并列句在本质上的区别。前者是含有定语从句的主从句,后者是由and连接的并列句。下面,举例对比讲解:
I met Mr. Smith, with whom I dined at a restaurant.
我遇见史密斯先生,并和他在餐厅一起用餐。
with whom I dined at a restaurant 是定语从句,whom 是关系代词,指代Mr. Smith。
可以改写为:
I met Mr. Smith, and with him I dined at a restaurant.
本句用and 引导了一个并列句,因此改用with him。
又如:
I picked up the apples, some of which are badly bruised.
我拾起了那些苹果,其中一部分已经摔坏了。
也可说:I picked up the apples, and some of them are badly bruised.
The doctor, with whose help the child was saved, is very kind to her patients.
那位医生对病人很好,就是在她的帮助下,这个孩子才救活过来。
也可说:The doctor is very kind to her patients, and with her help the child was saved.
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WHOSE 作为关系代词,之能做定语,用在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有which,whom
(1)介词+关系代词which
I”ll never forget the day on which I joined the League.
He can't find the pen with which he wrote an English letter.
(2)介词+关系代词whom
I don't know the person about whom you talked just now.
She can't find a person to whom she can turn for a help
The old man has three sons, two of whom are teachers.
The professor of whom a daughter/a daughter of whom has gone abroad is very famous in China.
(3)关系代词whose作定语
The book whose cover is blue is mine.
The student whose father is a doctor is always late for school.
They lives in a room whose window opens to the south.
I made a table, whose surface is quite smooth.
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