1 介词+which to do 作定语的具体用法
请问老师：
The floor on which he lay seemed to be white, neither warm nor cold, but simply there, a flat, blank something on which to be.
加粗部分的定语从句还原成句子是什么样的？还原成句子后主语等句子成分是什么？
最佳答案 2017-12-29 12:26
The floor on which he lay seemed to be white, neither warm nor cold, but simply there, a flat, blank something on which to be.
【翻译】他所躺着的地板，似乎是白色的，既不暖和也不冰冷，你瞧，那只不过是一种平坦坦、空荡荡、人可以躺在上面的东西而已。
【分析】这是一个并列句。根据前文意思，第二个分句but simply there, a flat, blank something on which to be 中，在a flat之前，省略了it was（it 指代the floor）。there 可以指某个位置或空间，也可以用来提醒读者注意，表达一种情绪，意为“你瞧；你看”。on which to be 是“介词 + 关系代词 + 不定式”结构，作定语，相当于定语从句，on which one could be，这里，one 是 a person 之意，be 是lie 或stay 的意思。on which one could be = on which a person could lie。
为了理解，我重新改写一下这个句子：
The floor on which he lay seemed to be white, neither warm nor cold, but simply there, it was a flat, blank something on which one could lie.
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其它 1 个回答
The floor on which he lay seemed to be white, neither warm nor cold, but simply there, a flat, blank something on which to be.
on which to be为介词+which to do不定式结构。这是书面语形式，是定语从句的一种简略形式。还原为定语从句时，只需加上主语和情态动词，将to do不定式改为不带to的不定式即可。通常省略的主语在句子中，但有时不定式的逻辑主语为泛指的人们，可以用不定代词one作还原后的定语从句的主语。多数情况下，介词加which是状语，但本句由于不定式为系词，故介词+which为表语（夸克认为方位副词或介词短语为状语）。因此，on which to be还原的定语从句为：on which one would be.
a flat, blank something on which to be=平坦的、什么都没有、人可以躺在上面的地面。（这个名词短语作补充语，对主语the floor作补充说明。）
类似的例句：
I need a piece of paper on which to write a note.
=I need a piece of paper on which I will write a note. 还原的主语为句子的主语。
This is a comfortable chair on which to sit.
= This is a comfortable chair on which one can sit. 还原的主语为不定式代词one。
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