有人认为下面句子中的 rain, snow 不能换成动名词 raining, snowing:
It looks like rain.
It looks like snow.
请问是这样的吗?我感觉介词后接动名词也很正常吧!
look like后接名词时, look是个介词,意为similar to。因此主语必须和like后的名词属于同一个类别的人或事物或概念。例如:He looks like Tom. he和Tom都是人。That rock looks like a dog. rock和dog具有相同的形状。动名词虽然可以作名词性的成分,但表示具体事件时却是动作的意义。因此,如果like后接动名词作宾语,主语就必须是表示动作意义的名词。例如:
Her movement looks like dancing.
Carol's laugh sounds like singing.
Stranger still was the way her arms and legs spasmed as she slept. " It looked like dancing, " Peg remembers. 这个句子中的it指代前句说的四肢痉挛。
在It look looks like rain.这个句子中,it为非人称代词,即虚指代词,表示天气,即天空的云,空气的湿度、温度、风力等情况,而不是表示动作意义,因此like不能后接动作意义的动名词,而只能后接不可数名词rain。句子的意思为,现在天空的乌云、空气中的湿度等和雨天是相似的。引申为天看样子要下雨。
语法的背后是逻辑,记住这一点,许多问题都是很好理解的。
look like后接主谓结构时,like为连词,这是美国英语用法,非正式语体。英国英语或正式语体用as if/as though引导表语从句。
It looks like it will rain.=It looks as if it will rain.
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不可以。
如果句子的主语是表示“人或物”的名词或代词, look like 后面不跟动名词,只能接名词或从句。下面举一些like 跟从句的例句:
He looked like he had seen a ghost.
他好象见了鬼似的(很惊慌的样子)。
It looks like it will rain before long.
看起来一会儿就要下雨了。
It looks like it isn't clean enough to bathe here.
看起来海水好像不干净,不能游泳。
Mary looks like nothing had happened to her.
玛丽当时看起来好像什么事都没发生似的。
He looked like he hadn't heard me.
他看起来像没有听见我似的。
如果句子的主语是表示“事件”的名词或代词,like 之后可以接动名词。例如:
Life looks like playing dodgeball. 生活就像是玩躲避球。
Playing Chinese chess looks like directing military operations. 下象棋就像指挥军队作战。
To educate the young generation in such a way looks like making the rice shoots grow by pulling them up. 用这种方法教育下一代无异于拔苗助长。
But Jennifer doesn't know anything about arts. It looks like casting pearls before swine. 但是珍妮弗根本不懂艺术,请他看画简直就是对牛弹琴。
Buying a car without trying it by yourself looks like buying a pig in a poke, isn't it? 买车时自己试都不试,这不是乱买吗?
有一个例外,就是“人”作主语时,like 可以接动名词。最常见的词组 feel like doing sth.(想要做某事),其中like 就是介词。I feel like going to Europe for a visit next summer vacation. 我好想明年暑假去一趟欧洲。
【注】几乎所有的感官系动词都可以与介词like 连用,例如:
It looks like rain. 天看起来像下雨的样子。
Does this seem like a reasonable number? Yeah? 它看起来像一个合理的数字吗?是的?
The stars are not afraid to appear like fireflies. 群星不会因为像萤火虫而怯于出现。
The cloth feels like silk. 这布匹摸起来像是丝绸。
What does the perfume smell like? 香水闻起来像什么?
This tastes (smells, feels) like an orange. 这东西尝起来(闻起来,摸起来)像个桔子。
However, I do not want to sound like a Hollywood actor accepting an award. 然而,我不想听起来像一个正在接受奖项的好莱坞演员。
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