大家对定语从句修饰名词或 which引导非限制性定语从句修饰主句相对比较熟悉,理解起来也基本没有问题。下面我给大家引荐一些相对少见的定语从句,混个脸熟,再次见到时不至于一点不认识。
1. 非限制性定语从句,关系代词在从句中作介词宾语,介词短语修饰表语形容词,从句为完全倒装句。
The many varieties of mammalian skin secretions perform a wide range of functions, prominent among which is sexual attraction.
2. 限制性定语从句,关系代词在从句中介词的宾语,介词短语作从句表语的定语。
Her first loyalty is to the programme of which she is director.
3. 非限制性定语从句,关系代词在从句中作不定式的宾语,不定式短语作从句宾语的定语。
I became disturbed by a "higher criticism" of the Bible, to refute which I felt the need of a better knowledge of Hebrew and archaeology.
4. 非限制性定语从句,关系代词在从句中作动名词的宾语,动名词短语作从句的主语。
They take a rigorous examination, passing which confers on the students a virtual guarantee of a place at the university.
5. 非限制性定语从句,关系限定词+名词中心词合起来指代主句中的宾语从句内容,同时在从句中作宾语。
I said that it might be more efficient to hold the meeting on Saturday, which suggestion they all enthusiastcally endorsed.
6. 非限制性定语从句,关系限定词+名词合起来指代主句内容,同时在从句中作介词宾语,介词短语作从句的状语。
I may be late, in which case I suggest you start without me.
7. 非限制性定语从句,关系代词which的先行词为形容词,which在从句中做表语。
She is very tall, which neither her sisters is.
She said he was arrogant, which I didn't think he was.
8. 非限制性定语从句,关系代词which的先行项为主句中的不定式,which在从句中充当谓语一部分。
He told me to design it myself, which I simply can't.
They advised me to call the police, which I did immediately.
9. 非限制性定语从句,关系代词which的先行项为主句的谓语,which在从句中作谓语一部分。
He dances well, which I don't.
10. 限制性定语从句,关系代词which/that在从句中作宾语从句的主语,which/that省略。
This is the grammar book I think is suitable to you.
11. 非限制性定语从句,关系代词which的先行词为指人的名词,关系代词在从句中作归属性表语。
They accused him of being a traitor, which he undoubtedly was.
12. 限制性定语从句,that的先行项为指人的名词,关系代词在从句中作归属性表语。that可以省略。
He is no longer the trustworthy friend (that) he used to be.
13. 限制性定语从句,关系代词who的先行词为指人的名词,关系代词在从句中作确认性表语。
It turned out that he wasn't the person who I had thought he was.
14. 非限制性定语从句,关系代词which的先行词为指人的名词,关系代词在从句中作动词have (got)的宾语。
Remember that they have a house-keeper, which we don't have.
15. 限制性定语从句,关系代词that的先行词为作表语的最高级形容词。关系代词在从句中作表语。
He felt the happiest that he has ever felt.
He is now the fattest that he has ever been
16. 限制性定语从句,关系副词that的先行词为作状语的方式副词,that在从句中作方式状语。that可以省略。不能用which。the不可省略。
The system seems to be working the most efficiently that it has ever sorked.
He ran the fastest he had ever run.
17. 非限制定语从句通常不用that,但先行词为名词时,部分人仍然会用that引导非限制性定语从句。对此我们理解就行,不宜模仿。考试时应该避免。
Frebruary, that in other years held intimations of spring, this year prolonged the bitter weather.
The patas monkey, that spends almost all its time in open grassland, adopts such tactics.
18. 限制性定语从句,关系代词的先行词为被另一个定语从句修饰的先行词,构成双重定语从句。
I like those ties you wear that your sister knits for you.
19. 限制性定语从句,关系代词that的先行词为疑问副词(用如what time/which place),that在从句中作主语。
When that wouldn't be too inconvenient for you could we hold the meeting?
Where can we go for lunch that isn't too expensive?
看见曹老师提供了许多不易见到的定语从句,感觉颇有新意。我也陆续补充一些比较特殊的定语从句,也欢迎各位专家老师和网友继续补充。
1. I am enclosing an application form, which I should be grateful if you would sign and return. 我随信附去一张申请表,如果您能在上面签字后寄回来,我会非常感激。
【说明】上句中的定语从句本身是个复合句,关系代词which 作了条件从句中的宾语,与定语从句中的主句没有关系。
以下是多重定语从句,根据构成方式,可分为“并列定语从句”和“复合定语从句”。以下是常见的一些例句。
【并列式定语从句】
两个或两个以上的定语从句,同时修饰一个先行词,这样的定语从句叫做并列式定语从句。
2. The owner of the house whose wife is dead, whose son works in New York and who wants to go and live with him, is willing to sell the house at a low price. 这幢房子主人的妻子已过世,儿子在纽约工作,他想搬去和儿子一起生活,所以愿意以低价出售此房。
3. Mr. Smith, who has a good command of French and English but who doesn’t know Chinese, finds it difficult to study Chinese literature. 史密斯先生精通法语和英语,但对中文则一无所知,所以他发现研究中国文学很困难。
4. This is the house in which the famous man lived, which you visited 10 years ago and which becomes a museum now. 这就是那位名人居住过的房子,10年前你参观过,现在成了博物馆。
5. I find it hard to leave the land where I have lived for 30 years and where there are sweet memories of my childhood. 我发现很难离开这片土地,我在那里生活了30年,在那里有我甜美的童年记忆。
6. The old worker recalled that he would never forget the moment when he first met Premier Zhou and which he regarded as the happiest in all his life. 那位老工人回忆说他永远忘不了第一次与周总理相见的那一刻,那一刻被他视为人生中最幸福的一刻。
7. Paris is a good place, where art is so popular, and which many people appreciate. 巴黎是个好地方,那里艺术很流行,很多人喜欢那个地方。
【复合式定语从句】
有时,定语从句的关系词与从句中的句子成分之间,插入类似I think, I know, he believed, he guessed以及I am sure, they say等插入语,这种定语从句被称为复合式定语从句。
8. She had a book which she believed was bought by her father at a dear price.她有一本父亲送她的书,她相信是父亲花了大价钱专门买来送她的。
9. She has an adopted child who she says was an orphan.她有一个养子,据她所言,这个孩子以前是个孤儿
10.Can you mention anyone that we know who is so talented as he?在我们认识的人中,你说还有谁像他一样有才华?
11. She is the only girl that I know who can play the guitar.她是我所认识的唯一会弹吉他的女孩。
12. Is there anything else you'd like you don't see on the shelves?有没有别的你喜欢的东西,现在架子上还没有?
13. Jocelyn is the only person who we think will win.乔斯林是我们认为望唯一能胜的人。
14. Many college students have mastered computer, driving and foreign languages,which we all know are the most important things in today's society.
很多大学生都掌握了计算机、驾驶和外语,我们都知道这些在当今社会是非常重要的。
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