尊敬的老师:您好。
问题介绍:下面是一个长句:
Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.
两个问题:
1. combined with 在句子中的词性,介词?连词?
2. combined with 所引导的部分在句子中属于什么成分,定语?状语?
谢谢!
Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.
【翻译】遗憾的是,该项目多半是关于事实性错误、拼写错误和语法错误的很肤浅的调查结果,以及读者究竟想要什么的许多令人挠头的困惑。
【分析】combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement... 是“过去分词短语”,注意:分词短语是一个整体,不应分割开来,不要把combined with 单独拿出来,更不应称作“介词、连词”。
下面,分析它的意义和作用。
1. be combined with:意为“(两个事物)合并在一起、结合在一起”。例如:
The news has just come out that our college will be combined with yours.
我们学院将与你们学院合并的消息刚刚透露出来。
Theory must be combined with practice.
理论必须同实践相结合。
2. 过去分词短语combined with... 可单独使用,在句中作后置定语、状语或宾补等。其逻辑主语,作定语时就是被修饰的那个名词,作状语时就是句子的主语。意思可由“合并,结合”引申为:“连同;外加;以及”等。例如:
(1)作定语:
Patience combined with diligence is necessary to success.
耐心结合(外加)勤奋是成功所必需的。
你的句子中,combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want:过去分词短语作定语,修饰low-level findings,相当于:
which are combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want
过去分词短语作定语,相当于定语从句。之前有逗号时,一般视为“非限制性的”,相当于“非限制性定语从句”。
(2)作状语:
(If/When) combined with Chinese traditional medicine, heat treatment is more effective.
热疗(若)与传统中医结合疗效会更好。
根据定语和被修饰词之间关系的紧密程度,我们将定语分为“限制性定语”和“非限制性定语”两种。
▲ 限制性定语与被修饰词的关系非常密切,它说明被修饰词的性质、身份、特征等状况;如果去掉,则会影响句子意思的完整。
▲ 非限制性定语与被修饰词的关系,不像限制性定语那样紧密,只是对被修饰语作些附加说明,即使去掉,主句的意思依然清楚完整。如果作后置定语,通常用逗号分开,翻译时常常不译作定语,而是译成并列的成分。本句,combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want 即便去掉,意思仍然完整。
我觉得,你的真正疑问并不在这个问题上,主要是对combined with ...的用法和翻译。
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