5 请设置两个生动易懂的场景来说明现在完成时与一般过去时的用法区别

  1. His father died.

  2. His father has died.

请设置两个生动易懂的场景来说明现在完成时与一般过去时的用法区别,即什么时候用句1,什么时候用句2。

谢谢我尊敬的老师们。

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最佳答案 2017-08-29 08:07

  1. His father died when he was 10 years old. 一般过去时说话人关心的是过去的一个确切的时间,该时间通常由状语表示,也可以由上下文提示。一般体表示的事件是发生并结束的完整事件,这个事件的发生和结束都在说话人关心的这个时间之内。说话人并没有将过去的事件和现在(说话时)作关联,即过去的事件和现在没有直接关系。说话人并没有考虑现在。

  2. Li Ping is preparing for an important exam. He doesn't know his father has died.

    现在完成时是个现在时态,说话人关心的是现在。完成体表示事件在说话人关心的时间(即现在)之前已经发生并结束。该时间的具体发生时间不详或不重要,重要的是该事件已经发生过了。因此现在完成时表示的是发生在不确切的过去时间的事件,这就是为什么现在完成时表示事件不能和确切的过去时间状语连用的原因。

    A:I went to Tom's home last Sunday.

    B:   Did you see his parents?

       A:  His father died when he was young. But I saw his mother. She was very kind to me.

 

      A: Li Ping is preparing for an important exam. He is working very hard. I'm sure he will pass it.

      B: Does he know his father has died?

      A: No, he doesn't. His family keeps the sad news from him for fear that he should be distracted.

 

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刘永科   - 教育出版集团英语总顾问 & 英语系列图书主编
擅长:语法理论,语言学,文化背景

现在完成时与一般过去时的用法区别,可以从以下几个方面考虑:

这两个时态都指过去已发生的事,但现在完成时强调动作与现在有联系,或是对现在有影响;而一般过去时单纯谈论过去的事情,与现在没有联系。因此,凡是有明确的过去时间状语时,只能用一般过去时。

请比较以下几句的区别:

都是过去发生的动作:

The prices have gone down,but I wonder if they'll remain so.

价格已经降下来了,但我不知是否会继续保持这样。(现在仍低)

The prices went down for a long time last year.

去年价格曾下降过一段很长的时间。(现在已经回升)

都是跟一段时间连用:

Now he's a worker,and he once served in the army for 5 years.

他现在是个工人,他曾在部队服过5年兵役。(现在已离开部队)

He has served in the army for 5 years.

他当兵5年了。(现在还在部队)



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  • zhuweiren 提出于 2017-08-28 11:23

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