1 英语“据说”的句子翻译及句型转换

请问老师,以下句子中译英A组与B组中哪些句子是错误的?为什么,怎么修改?再请问老师是否还有要补充的英文句子?谢谢老师。


原句:据说安娜因一再违反公司安全规章而被解雇。


中译英如下:


A组:

1). It is said that Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.

2) It is said that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.

3) Anna is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.

4) People (They) say that Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

5) People (They) say that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

6) There is said to be Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

7) There is said to be Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

8) As is said (As people say), Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

9) As is said (As people say), Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.


B组:

1)   It was said that Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

2)   It was said that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

3)   Anna was said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.

4)   People (They) said that Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

5)   People (They) said that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

6)   There was said to be Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

7)   There was said to be Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

8)   As was said (As people said), Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

9)   As was said (As people said), Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

 


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最佳答案 2017-07-16 15:54

A组:

1). It is said that Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.

正确。被解雇发生在现在以前的不确切过去时间,用现在完成时。

2) It is said that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.

错误。一般过去时表示确切的过去时间发生的事件,需要时间状语表示出这个时间,否则听话人无法知道这个确切时间为何。改正方法有二:要么加上一个确切的过去时间状语如last week,要么改成现在完成时。

3) Anna is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.

正确。被解雇发生在现在说之前,不定式用完成体。

4) People (They) say that Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

正确。被解雇发生在现在以前的不确切的过去时间,用现在完成时。

5) People (They) say that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

错误。理由同第二句

6) There is said to be Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

错误。尽管非正式语体中,定语从句修饰there存在句主语时,在定语从句作主语的who/which可以省略,但there存在句的真正主语必须是新信息,通常是泛指的名词。Anna作为专有名词是已知信息。在没有上下文的情况下已知信息作there存在句主语是语法错误。改为第一句或第三句。

7) There is said to be Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

错误。理由同上句。

8) As is said (As people say), Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

正确。被解雇发生在不确切的过去用现在完成时。

9) As is said (As people say), Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

错误。主句时态错误。要么加上确切过去时间状语,要么改为现在完成时。


B组:

1)   It was said that Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

正确。被解雇发生在说之前,that从句谓语用过去完成时。

2)   It was said that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

错误。that从句谓语时态错误,被解雇发生在说之前,应改为过去完成时。

3)   Anna was said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.

正确。被解雇发生于说之前,因此不定式用完成体。

4)   People (They) said that Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

正确。被解雇发生于说之前,that从句谓语用现在完成时。

5)   People (They) said that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

错误。理由同第二句。

6)   There was said to be Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

错误。尽管非正式语体中,定语从句修饰there存在句主语时,在定语从句作主语的who/which可以省略,但there存在句的真正主语必须是新信息,通常是泛指的名词。Anna作为专有名词是已知信息。在没有上下文的情况下已知信息作there存在句主语是语法错误。改为第一句或第三句。

7)   There was said to be Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

错误。理由同上句。

8)   As was said (As people said), Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

正确。主句动作发生于从句动作之前,用过去完成时。

9)   As was said (As people said), Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.

错误。主句动作发生于从句动作之前,应改为过去完成时。


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其它 1 个回答

刘永科   - 教育出版集团英语总顾问 & 英语系列图书主编
擅长:语法理论,语言学,文化背景

A组:

1) It is said that Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.(正)

2) It is said that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.(正)

3) Anna is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.(正)

4) People (They) say that Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(正)

5) People (They) say that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(正)

6) There is said to be Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(误)

7) There is said to be Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(误)

8) As is said (As people say), Anna has been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(正)

9) As is said (As people say), Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(正)


B组:

1)  It was said that Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(正)

2)  It was said that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(同上句:改为过去完成时)

3)  Anna was said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.(正)

4)  People (They) said that Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(正)

5)  People (They) said that Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(同上句:改为过去完成时)

6)  There was said to be Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(误)

7)  There was said to be Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(误)

8)  As was said (As people said), Anna had been fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(正)

9)  As was said (As people said), Anna was fired for continually violating the company’s rules.(同上句:改为过去完成时)

【说明】

一、 在there is/was said to be 结构中,be 后面不能是主谓结构。例如,可以这样表达:There is said to be a meeting this afternoon. 但不能说:There is said to be a meeting will be held this afternoon.

从理论上讲,there be 句型如果充当了某个及物动词的宾语从句,那么,这个及物动词,就可以用于上述句式的转换。例如:

1. People say that there will be an election this week.

→ It is said that there will be an election this week.

→ There is said to be an election this week.

【注意】不定式本身表示将来,所以will 不再出现,不能说There will be said to be。

2. The media report that there is oil under that desert.

→It is reported that there is oil under that desert.

→There is reported to be oil under that desert.

3. People expect that there will be a keen fight in the local elections.

→It is expected that there will be a keen fight in the local elections.

→There is expected to be a keen fight in the local elections.

4. People think that there will be a strike soon.

→It is thought that there will be a strike soon.

→There is thought to be a strike soon.

5. People suppose that there are more than 3000 languages in the world.

→It is supposed that there are more than 3000 languages in the world.

→There are supposed to be more than 3000 languages in the world.

但是,并非所有接宾语从句的及物动词,都可以这样使用。据我所知,具有该用法的动词是比较有限的,如say, report, expect, think, believe, suppose, understand 等。

1. There is/are said to be... 据说有......

2. There is/are reported to be... 据报道有......

3. There is/are expected to be... 预计有......

4. There is/are thought to be... 人们认为有......

5. There is/are believed to be... 人们认为有......

6. There is/are supposed to be...人们认为有......

7. There is/are understood to be... 人们都明白有......

【注意】由于There 在此只引导作用,所以,用is 还是are 要视后面主语的单复数而定。

二、如果主句是现在时态,从句(包括宾语从句和定语从句)中的时态可以不受限制,可以根据需要使用合适的时态,所以,A组中的句2,句5,句9,使用一般过去时不错。

 


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  • 王雨潭 提出于 2017-07-11 02:16

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