gave me backup. 请问 backup 是名词，还是形容词作直宾？

解答：backup 为名词，作gave直接宾语

I gave her a book (love). 可以把普通名词，改成抽象名词吗？就是说，抽象名词能作宾补不？

解答：a book为名词作动词gave直接宾语

形容词与名词作直宾，有什么区别？直宾一定是物吗？所有的名词都可以作直宾吗？

解答：形容词不能作宾语

宾语和宾语补足语“存在逻辑上主谓语关系，主系表关系”双宾语没有这种关系。

We call him Tom. 相当于“”He is Tom”

We asked him to tell us a story.相当于“He tells us a story”

【1】主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语：S + Vt + O + O

【能接双宾语的及物动词有tell;show;give;buy;fetch;hand;】

【owe;get;throw;draw;offer;award;cook;cost; sing;save;make】

He told us the fact 他把事实告诉了我们

Mr.Li teaches us how to play the piano 李先生教我们弹钢琴

Mr.Wang teaches us English 王先生教我们英文

Will you bring me an English-Chinese dictionary ?

你把英汉字典带给我好吗？

I told my friend the good news. 我把好消息告诉了我的朋友。

The old man told us an interesting story  

这个老人告诉我们了一个有趣故事

She gave me a book 她给了我一本书

They sent us a telegram. 他们给我们拍了电报。

【2】主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 补语：S + Vt + O + C，

They named the boy Jack. 他们给孩子起名叫杰克。

I want everything ready by eight o’clock.

我要求一切都要在八点前准备好.

The boy made his mother very angry 这个男孩使他妈妈很生气.

We should keep our classroom very clean and tidy

我们应该保持教室干净整洁.

We call the girl Lily 我们把这个女孩叫莉莉.

We elect him monitor 我们选他为班长.

We found these questions very difficult to answer

我们发现这些问题很难回答.

I had my shoes mended 我已经把鞋子修理过了.

I will have my hair cut tomorrow 明天我将去理发.

I will have my computer repaired 明天我要别人修理我电脑.

The teacher tell us not to be late for school

老师吩咐我们上学不要迟到.

Mother asks me to go home on time

妈妈要我早点回家.

My parents want me to become a teacher

我父母想要我成为一个老师.

A:接形容词作宾语补足语常用动词(make, leave, keep, think,want，let,call)

(1).make sb/sth +adj

That makes me mad!
这简直使我发疯!

She made him happy.
她使他快乐。

Praise makes good men better and bad men worse.
赞扬使好人更好,坏人更糟。

Don't make yourself ridiculous!
别出洋相了!

Have you made everything clear enough?
你把一切都讲清楚了吗?

He made his meaning clear.
他把他的意思说得很明白。

The scents made her drunk.
这香味使她陶醉。

What made them so frightened?
什么事情使他们如此惊恐?

What she said made me angry.

她说的话使我生气。

(2)leave sb/sth+adj

He said he had left the door open on purpose.
他说他是有意让门开着的。

We can leave it open for the moment.
这事我们可暂时不作结论。

His illness has left him very weak.
他的病使他身体很虚弱。

The famine in 1933 left peasants helpless.1933
年的那次饥荒使农民陷于毫无办法的境地。

His long and dull speech left all of us cold.
他的那场既长又乏味的讲演引不起我们的兴趣。

As to your wish to have an extra secretary , let's leave it open until the next fiscal year.
你希望增补一名秘书的事,到下一财政年度再定。

(3)keep sb/sth +adj.

Excitement kept him awake.
他兴奋得不能入睡。

Try your best to keep the children quiet.
你要尽量使孩子们保持安静。

The experiment kept us busy for three months.
这项试验使我们忙了三个月。

Good food keeps you healthy.
优质食品使你保持健康。

To keep the room warm, they closed all the windows.
为了保持室内温度,他们关掉所有窗户。

They kept the grass short.
他们总是把草修整得很短。

She keeps oil clean.
她让油保持干净。

Keep the door open.
把门敞开着。

(4)think sb/sth+adj.

I think him very honest.
我认为他很诚实。

I think myself right.
我认为我自己对。

He thought himself silly.
他认为自己很傻。

Do you think it necessary?
你认为这有必要吗?

We think him humorous.

我们认为他很幽默。

B:接名词作宾补常用动词(make, name, call, elect，keep,think)

(1)make sb/sth+n.

Portugal made the islands its colony at the end of the 15th century.15
世纪末葡萄牙把这些岛屿变为自己的殖民地。

They made him chairman of the trade union .
他们让他做工会主席。

She set up a company and made him managing director.
她办起了公司,任命他当公司经理。

He made her his wife.
他娶她为妻。

His scientific pursuits had made him a very observant man.
他对科学的追求已使他成为一个观察力敏锐的人。

(2)name sb/sth+n.

Her father named her Kitty.
她父亲给她取名基蒂。

Her father named her Kitty.
她父亲给她取名基蒂。

He was named a model worker.（主语补足语）
他被授予劳动模范的称号。

It was named the best documentary of the year.
它被选为这一年最优秀的文献纪录片。

(3)call sb/sth +n.

She had a daughter last year.They call this one Catherine.
去年她生了个女孩,他们叫她凯瑟琳。

What do you call them in English?
在英语中你怎么称呼他们?

He called himself a captain.
他自称是上尉。

How could you call yourself my friend?
你怎么能硬说你是我的朋友呢?

That's what people call friendship.
这就是人们所说的友谊。

We call it rose.
我们叫它玫瑰。

This was calling black white.
这是在颠倒黑白

I don't call Russian a hard language.
我认为俄语并不是一门难学的语言。

We call that an honour to our class.
我们认为那是我们班的光荣。

I call that a shame.
我认为那是一种耻辱。