非谓语动词的被动形式

Inspired by his words,I decided to work hard. 是过去分词的被动形式,请问,如果换成动词不定式,现在分词短语的被动形式,这句子能成立吗?

To have been Inspired by his ....hard.

Having been Inspired by his ...hard.有什么区别这几个句子?

 

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最佳答案 2017-05-07 21:58

不定式作状语,不能表示谓语动词之前的事件。也就是说,状语位置上的不定式的to have done是错误的形式。

现在分词的完成被动式having been done和过去分词done,都表示被动,动作时间都是谓语动词之前。二者的区别是,前者强调动作性,尤其用于分词有时间状语修饰的时候;过去分词强调动作后主语所处的状态。谓语动词decide的时候,主语仍然处于受激励后的状态。

用having been inspired,暗示之前受到了激励,所以决定。。。

inspired 暗示仍处于被激励后的状态中,所以决定。。。

你觉得哪一种更适宜于做决定呢?

在逻辑上,过去分词明显优于现在分词的完成被动式。


hear the song sung in English.

感官动词hear后接复合宾语。song是宾语,sung in English是不带to的不定式被动语态be sung in English作宾语补足语。由于hear的语义是听见,be省略后不至于误解为是过去分词作宾补,这时be就省略了。

同样的道理,want是想要的意思,want后的宾补的动作肯定未发生,所以不定式的被动语态作宾补的时候,to be也可省略,而且常常省略。如:I want the letter to be sent tomorrow = I want the letter sent tomorrow. 

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陈才   - 英语教师
擅长:中考英语,词法问题

Inspired by his words,I decided to work hard. 是过去分词的被动形式,请问,如果换成动词不定式,现在分词短语的被动形式,这句子能成立吗?

To have been Inspired by his ....hard.

Having been Inspired by his ...hard.有什么区别这几个句子?

解答如下

以上为过去分词作原因状语成分,相当于下面从句

As I was inspired by his words, I decided to work hard.

 

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  • ruiqiang 提出于 2017-04-29 13:43

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