当过去分词作状语时,修饰过去分词的副词是放在其前还是其后?
比如下面哪句对?
Carelessly written, the article is full of mistakes.
Written carelessly, the article is full of mistakes.
两种说法都可以。即你的两个句子都是对的。
正:Carelessly written, the article is full of mistakes.
正:Written carelessly, the article is full of mistakes.
但是,如果在过去分词前有 being, having等,则修饰它的副词不能放在句首。如:
正:Carelessly written, the article is full of mistakes.
误:Carelessly being written, the article is full of mistakes.
误:Carelessly having been written, the article is full of mistakes.
另外,如果修饰过去分词的不是副词,而是介词短语,修饰语也只能后置。如:
正:Written in haste, the article is full of mistakes.
误:In haste written, the article is full of mistakes.
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前者通常用于作定语;后者通常用于被动语态或作状语。例如:
I could make no sense of his carelessly written letter. 我看不懂他马马虎虎写的那封信。
For instance, a carelessly written code often treats int and long objects as interchangeable. 举例来说,不严密的代码通常会将 int 和 long 对象当成可互换的类型。
When words are written carelessly, showing no respect, this shows my state of mind has not been well. 如果字写的潦草不恭敬,就表明自己的心地不正常。
Written carelessly, the article is full of mistakes.由于书写不认真,该文充斥着错误。
【注】written carelessly 和 carelessly written 这样的表达,都很少见。
(说明:刚提交才看见陈老师的解答。)
补充一点:
1. 我基本同意陈老师的解答。但是,分词作状语时,副词在分词前后都可以的情况,仅限于一部分副词,不是所有副词。例如,绝大部分时间副词、地点副词都不可以用在分词之前。也就是说,在被动语态或进行时的句子中,不能用于分词之前的所有副词,分词作状语时,也不能用在前面!
2. 作定语时,只能用“副词+分词”,不能用“分词+副词”。
3. 我在解答时,用了“通常”二字,担心别人说绝对化。
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