下面两句相等吗?为什么?
I will visit Beijing, where my parents live.
=I will visit Beijing, where live my parents.
因为我看到这样一道题:
Little Jim is going to spend his holiday in Paris, _____ lives his uncle.
A. which B. who C. where D. that
本题答案是 C。
正如在单句中那样,在定语从句中,也可以使用倒装语序。但仍然要符合语法规则,即:
1. 介词短语 + 不及物动词 +主语
2. 副词 +不及物动词 +主语
例如:
Secondly, there are many attractions that interest me a lot, among which is Big Ben.
Next to the temple there was another smaller temple where lived a very old Zen master.
根据你提供的例句Little Jim is going to spend his holiday in Paris, where lives his uncle.
按语法规则,你类推的句子似乎是可以用倒装的。但是,我觉得,这类倒装一般应遵循下列规则:
1. 主语相对较长,为了句子匀称而倒装。
2. 主语为代词(相对较短)充当时,不可倒装。
3. 为了照顾关系词在前而倒装。如句1。
4. 谓语动词为动词原形时(如:live),应避免使用倒装。若是单数形式(如:你给的例句lives)、一般过去式(lived),则可以。
所以,我认为,你类推的那个例句I will visit Beijing, where my parents live. 不宜倒装。
再举一例(因定语从句主语太长而倒装):
North Lapland, where lived the most lonely and beautiful Snow Queen in the world, is covered by snow all the year round. The Queen did live in such a cold palace.
拉普兰德,北边的最远处,住着位世上最美丽最孤单的雪之女王,那里一年四季都是白雪皑皑,美丽的雪女王就住在这个没有温度的宫殿里。
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我觉得网友提到的某考题中的,where lives his uncle (选C)是不正确的。英语倒装不能用在这里。我特别在网上查到国外英语考试网站的美国老师对此题的解答:
Even if you choose option C, the sentence is incorrectly written. The word order in the last clause is NOT correct. The sentence would be correctly written this way:
Little Jim is going to spend his holiday in Paris, where his uncle lives.
http://www.english-test.net/forum/ftopic91596.html
其实这道题主要在中国网站流传,我赞同美国老师的说法。也有可能是这道题lives 前漏掉了there.
刘老师解答中给的例句Next to the temple there was another smaller temple where lived a very old Zen. 我不知出自何处,但我在网上查到它出自英语故事Nature's Beauty,原句是这样写的:Next to the temple there was another, smaller temple where there lived a very old Zen master.
http://www.spiritual-short-stories.com/spiritual-short-story-97-Nature's+Beauty.html
由此可见刘老师的例句可能漏掉了there. 这不是where引导的倒装句。另一例句among which is... 属于正确的英语表达。
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