President Barack Obama on Friday all but named Russian President Vladimir Putin as behind Moscow's alleged attempts to meddle in the US election, vowing retaliation for the moves and defending himself against criticism his administration acted too slowly.

主要问题是：as behind Moscow's 这里 behind后面是不是应该加一个of，不然怎么都感觉不通顺啊。或者as behind是否有什么特殊用法？

name sb as behind +名词，as behind ..作宾语补足语成分 把...称作/确定/认定为为...幕后操控者

另外，后面vowing的主句应该是Obama，但是后面的defending的主句如果也是奥巴马好像就翻译不出来了。

vowing and defending 是2个并列现在分词短语作伴随状语。

参考译文：在星期五，美国总统巴拉克·欧巴马 几乎把俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京称作为涉嫌企图干涉美国大选幕后操控者。发誓要对此举动进行报复并且面对他的政府行动太慢而引起的批评对他自己进行辩护。

所以求一下翻译。

(1)all but几乎， 差不多; 除了…之外（都）

It was all but impossible to climb back into the boat.
再回到小船上已几乎不可能了。

He is the chairman of the committee in all but the name.
除了没挂名以外，实际上他就是委员会的主席。

The party was all but over when we arrived.

我们到的时候，晚会几乎要结束了。

All but the morning star have disappeared.
除掉金星以外其他的星星全都消失了。

The car all but ran over him.
车子几乎把他撵过去。

All but crying with relief.
快乐地差一点大叫起来

He was all but killed by the traffic accident.
他几乎死于车祸

(2)name ...as...提名 ... 为 ...； 任命 ...；把...称作/确定为

The teacher named John as monitor.   
老师提名约翰当班长。

(3)alleged  adj.声称的；被断言的；涉嫌的 

They have begun a hunger strike in protest at the alleged beating.  

他们开始绝食以抗议有人所宣称的殴打行为。

a list of alleged war criminals.  

战争嫌犯名单

(4)attempt to do 尝试，企图; 试图做某事

These feelings are likely to make people attempt to overthrow the system.  

这些情绪有可能促使人们想要推翻现行的体制。

The action seemed a clumsy attempt to topple the Janata Dal government.  

这一试图推翻人民党政府的行动似乎缺乏策略。

The first British attempt to colonize Ireland was in the twelfth century.  

英国最早尝试在爱尔兰开拓殖民地是在12世纪。

The proposals are an attempt to rid the country of political corruption.  

这些提议试图使这个国家摆脱政治腐败。

(5)retaliation   n.报复，反击（ in retaliation for sth)

Police said they believed the attack was in retaliation for the death of the drug trafficker.  

警察说他们认为这次袭击是针对那个毒犯的死实施的报复。

 Any hostilities could result in retaliation and further embroil U.N. troops in fighting.  

任何敌对行为都可能招致报复，进而使联合国部队卷入战斗。

They killed two men in retaliation for a bomb attack the previous day.  

为了报复前一天的炸弹袭击,他们杀死了两

(6)vow   发誓;起誓;立誓

While many models vow to go back to college, few do.

很多模特发誓要重回大学校园，但很少有人做到。

I solemnly vowed that someday I would return to live in Europe...  

我郑重发誓，总有一天我将回到欧洲生活

(7)defend....against 替…辩护;为…辩解;维护

 The author defends herself against charges of racism by noting that blacks are only one of her targets. 

面对种族主义指控，作者替自己辩护说黑人只是她的抨击目标之一。

(8)meddle 管闲事;干涉;干预

Already some people are asking whether scientists have any right to meddle in such matters.

已经有人在问科学家是否有权干预这类事情。

If only you hadn't felt compelled to meddle.  

要是你没有觉得非插手不可就好了。

继续跟踪回答如下：

(1)as behind Moscow's alleged attempts to meddle in the US electionBehind后面可以直接接续Moscow's alleged attempts to meddle in the US election么？后面的部分应该是一个完成的句子，怎么两个句子可以这样接续

解答：behind +Moscow's alleged attempt to do sth结构

behind +限定词+名称+不定式to do结构( 可以理解介词短语）

(2)criticism his administration acted too slowly.

Criticism接续his administration acted too slowly怎么中间也没有一个连词？

解答：Criticism (that/which) his administration acted too slowly,可以看作关系代词在定语从句作宾语省略了来进行理解。