Towards the end of the 1990s,more than a decade and a half Diet Coke was first introduced, sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down.本句中红色部分:more than引导的部分,我认为是状语从句,不知道对不对?请老师指点。另外,more than相当于什么词性?可以引导状语从句吗?
谢谢老师了。
Towards the end of the 1990s, more than a decade and a half Diet Coke was first introduced, sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down.
【答】从结构来看,本句是个错句。原因如下:
1. more than a decade and a half Diet Coke was first introduced:这个句子本身有问题。more than a decade and a half是个“时间段”,不能修饰一个表示“一次性发生而不延续”的动作:was first introduced。
2. 此外,more than a decade and a half Diet Coke was first introduced 后面是个逗号,跟下句不是并列关系,应该是从属关系,因此可以判断,缺少了必要的连词。
3. 我查到了原文的出处:
http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/chi-diet-soda-disappearing-20150323-story.html
但是,在 http://news.koolearn.com/20150605/1049288_6.html 刊登的《2015同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试英语试卷》中,则是提供的这个句子:
Towards the end of the 1990s, more than a decade and a half Diet Coke was first introduced, sale of Coca Cola’s best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down.
▲我认为:试题中显然是漏掉了从属连词after,应改为:
Towards the end of the 1990s, more than a decade and a half after Diet Coke was first introduced, sale of Coca Cola’s best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down.
▲这样的话,网友的看法就是对的。
more than a decade and a half after Diet Coke was first introduced的意思是:
“在健怡可乐被引进的15多年后,......”
关于在时间连词before和after前面加上“时间段”的翻译问题(如:多少年),按照汉语习惯应该这样翻译:“在多少年之前/之后”,而不是“在之前/之后的多少年”。这是英汉在时间表达上的差异。
▲既然找到了问题的症结,那么,more than 就不是问题了,它修饰数词是副词用法。
【说明】本来不打算解答这个问题,因为曾老师和Expert都已经解答了。但是,网友给我留言,要我一定给解答一下,故为之,特此说明!
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同意陈老师的分析。more than“超过,不止”起副词作用,可用以修饰数量。关于more than的用法可参看英语语法网上的一篇文章:
http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/201412/3758.html
▲用于此意义时,more than可换用over,但over是介词,用法也较为特殊:
http://ask.yygrammar.com/q-21982.html
如果觉得我的回答对您有用,请随意打赏。你的支持将鼓励我继续创作!
Towards the end of the 1990s,more than a decade and a half Diet Coke was first introduced, sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down.本句中红色部分:more than引导的部分,我认为是状语从句,不知道对不对?请老师指点。另外,more than相当于什么词性?可以引导状语从句吗?
谢谢老师了。
参考译文(1):临近20世纪90年代末,超过15年历史的无糖可乐被首次引进,可口可乐最畅销的低热量饮料的销售额似乎变慢了下来。
参考译文(2):临近20世纪90年代末,无糖可乐被首次引进/介绍时间超过15年,可口可乐最畅销的低热量饮料的销售额似乎变慢了下来。
句子语法结构分析如下:
分句(1)
时间状语:Towards the end of the 1990s(接近20世纪90年代末尾)(介词短语作时间状语)
主语:more than a decade and a half Diet Coke(超过15年历史的无糖可乐)(时间数词+名词构成名词短语作主语)(不是同位语,否则,句子没有主语成分了)
谓语:was introduced(被引进/介绍)
状语:first(首次)
句子语法结构分析如下:
分句(2)
主语:sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink(可口可乐最畅销的低热量饮料的销售额)
谓语:appeared to slow down(似乎慢了下了)
(备注:以上分句1和分句2 都只有1个谓语动词,无连词,因此都属于简单句,不是从句)
(备注:如果把分句1和分句2合在一起看,属于并列句)
(备注:more than +a/one +名词,作主语,谓语用单数)
(1)towards the end of 将近(某一时刻/世纪)之末
The Channel tunnel was due to open towards the end of 1993.
海峡隧道预计 1993 年年底前开通。
There was a forecast of cooler weather toward the end of the week.
预报称这周末天气会凉下来。
(a decade and a half 时间数词概念 ,意思 15年)
重点短语及单词解析
(1)towards the end of the 1990s 临近20世纪90年代末
(2)more than a decade and a half 超过15年
(3)Diet Coke 无糖可乐
(4)was first introduced首次被引进
(5)best-selling adj. 最畅销的,最红的;
(6)low caloric drink adj.低热量/低卡路里饮料
(7)appear to slow down 似乎变慢了下来
(8)slow down 使慢了下来,使变得迟钝;使生产缓慢
(9)sale of sth 某物的销售额
(10)more than 超过,多于,不仅仅
(11)a decade and a half =fifteen years 15年
(12)decade=ten years 10年/10年期/10年间
(13)appear to do sth似乎做某事情
(14)appear 为系动词
(15)towards the end of 接近.....之末
(1)decade n. 十年,十年间; 十个一组; 十年期
Several decades have elapsed since I graduated from the college.
自我大学毕业已经好几十年了。
The last decade of the eighteenth century was a time of great social change. 18
世纪最后10年是社会发生巨变的10年。
The world will considerably change in the next few decades.
世界在今后数十年里将有相当大的变化。
Price have risen sharply in the last decade.
物价最近十年中暴涨。
The custom has prevailed for decades.
这个风俗已盛行数十年。
I feel like we have known each other for decades.
我觉得咱们俩像是相识好久好久似的。
He is been in that job for decades.
他在那个岗位上一干就是数十年。
(2)a decade and a half 15年
We've lived in the age of Internet-enabled information and entertainment for more than adecade and a half now.
我们生活在互联网信息和娱乐功能年龄超过十年半了。
For this the Chinese Communist Party has to thank a little chain-smoking man who died nearly adecade and a half ago: Deng Xiaoping, the paramount leader from 1978 to 1992.
因此中国共产党应该感谢一位烟不离手的、约于15年前去世的小个子:邓小平。他是中国1978年至1992年的最高领导人。
Australia's mining boom has fueled a decade-and-a-half of unprecedented economic growth.
澳大利亚采矿业的繁荣造就了过去15年前所未有的经济增长。
Not only is it an ignored sport in India, but not even our neighbours have bothered to challengeus in the past decade-and-a-half.
说实话这个体育项目在印度不仅得不到应有的重视,而且我们在过去15年里也困扰于邻国对我们的挑战。
It's hard to believe that it's almost a decade-and-a-half since the death of Diana Princess ofWales, in a car crash in Paris's Pont de l'Alma road tunnel with her boyfriend Dodi Al-Fayed。
很难相信威尔士王妃戴安娜已经离我们而去近15年了。
戴安娜和男友多迪•法耶德在巴黎阿尔玛桥公路隧道发生的一起车祸中不幸遇难。
decade =十年,十年间,十年期
(1)a decade and a half =1个10年+半个10年=15年
(2)ten decades and a half =ten and a half decades=150年
以上表达类似于下面表达
(1)an/one hour and a half =one and a half hours =1.5小时候
(2)a/one year and a half=one and a half years=1年半
(3)ten years and a half =ten and a half years=15年
(1)Towards the end of the 1990s, (句子1)more than a decade and a half Diet Coke was first introduced, (句子2)sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down.
句子1和句子2之间有一个逗号,相当并列连词and作用。
(1)介词短语:临近20世纪90年代末。(作时间状语)
(2)分句1:
A:有超过15年历史的无糖可乐被首次引进/介绍。
(主语+谓语结构)
B:无糖可乐被首次引进的时间超过15年.
C:被首次引进长达(其时间)超过15年的无糖可乐.
(3)分句2:可口可乐的销售额好像/似乎变缓慢了。
(主语+系动词+表语结构)(不 定式to slow down 作表语)
(请看我第2个解析版本)
参考译文(2):临近20世纪90年代末,被首次引进/介绍超过15年历史的无糖可乐,可口可乐最畅销的低热量饮料的销售额似乎变慢了下来。
句子语法结构分析如下:
分句(1)
时间状语:Towards the end of the 1990s(接近20世纪90年代末尾)(介词短语作时间状语)
主语: Diet Coke(无糖可乐)词短语作主语)(不是同位语,否则,句子没有主语成分了)
谓语:was introduced(被引进/介绍)
状语:a decade and a half (15年)(看作时间状语)
状语:first(首次)
句子语法结构分析如下:
分句(2)
主语:sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink(可口可乐最畅销的低热量饮料的销售额)
谓语:appeared to slow down(似乎慢了下了)
(备注:以上分句1和分句2 都只有1个谓语动词,无连词,因此都属于简单句,不是从句)
(备注:如果把分句1和分句2合在一起看,属于并列句)
(备注:more than +a/one +名词,作主语,谓语用单数)
more than a decade and a half Diet Coke was first introduced,
=Diet Cokewas first introduced (for)more than a decade and a half
more than a decade and a half 看作为后面谓语动词持续的时间长度来理解,即被首次引进有长达15年的时间了
加了连词after后分析如下
Towards the end of the 1990s,after more than a decade and a half Diet Coke was first introduced, sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down
(1)介词短语(作时间状语):towards the end of the 1990s
(2)时间状语从句:after Diet Cokewas first introduced (for) more than a decade and a half .(在无糖可乐被首次引进/介绍超过15年之后)
(3)主句:sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down .(可口可乐最畅销的低热量饮料的销售额)
Towards the end of the 1990s,more than a decade and a half after Diet Coke was first introduced, sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down.注意after加入的位置。这句可以分析下吗?如此一来是不是就出现同位语了?
关于是否是同位语,我教你一个“很有效果土办法”去判断是否是 同位语。
如果B是A的同位语,我们可以说,A is B 如果说得通就说明B是A的 同位语,否则,就不是。
例如:This is my eldest son, Tom.
My eldest son is Tom. 说得通,因此是同 位语.
Tom, our English , is from USA.
Our English 是 Tom 同位语
现在明白了吗?如果不明白,请继续追问,如果明白,请采纳,谢谢!
继续跟踪回答如下:
Towards the end of the 1990s,more than a decade and a half after Diet Coke was first introduced, sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down.注意after加入的位置。这句可以分析下吗?如此一来是不是就出现同位语了?
我对我自己修改后的句子成分划分如下:
Towards the end of the 1990s(介词短语做时间状语)
回答如下:
以上正确的
more than a decade and a half after Diet Coke was first introduced(介词短语做时间状语),
回答如下:after Diet Coke was first introduced这里不是介词短语作状语,而是时间状语从句作时间状语,因为after 在这个句子是从属连词,不是介词。
(1)after Diet Coke was first introduced
=在无糖可乐首次被引进之后
(2) more than a decade and a half after Diet Coke was first introduced.
=在无糖可乐首次被引进的15多年之后.
(关于时间段+after +其他中文翻译注意事项拓展讲解)
表达“某事件的若干时间以后”时,应是“若干时间after事件”,而不是“after若干时间of事件”。可说two hours after his arrival,不可说after two hours of his arrival。在“two hours after his arrival”前加不同的介词,有不同的意思:“two hours after his arrival”单用时指“他到达两小时以后”。若前面加the,如the two hours after his arrival指“他到达以后的两小时”
two hours after his arrival
(1)他达到2小时之后(正确)
(2)他达到之后2小时(错误)
more than a decade and a half after Diet Coke was first introduced.
=在无糖可乐首次被引进15多年之后.
在“two hours after his arrival”前加不同的介词,有不同的意思:
(1)加for指“在他到达以后的两小时全段时间里”
for two hours after his arrival.
(2)加in 跟没有in意思相同
in two hours after his arrival
(3)加within指“在他到达以后的两小时中的某时刻”
within two hours after his arrival.
时间段+before +其他,其翻译方法同after一样
two hours before his arrival
他到达2小时之前(正确)
他到达之前2小时(错误)
sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down(主句).请老师看清我加的after的位置,另外,我这样分析对吗?尤其对more than a decade and a half after diet coke was first introduced分析对不对?别的不用说了,就针对我这两个问题。
回答如下:
more than a decade and a half 是一个表示时间的名词,意思超过15年。相当于over fifteen years
more than a decade and a half Diet after Coke was first introduced如果把more than看做副词的话,或许就是名词短语做状语,反之,如果把more than看做介词,则成为介词短语做状语。请老师裁定
回答如下:
more than a decade and a half 是一个表示时间段的名词,意思超过15年。相当于fifteen years, 因此more than这里是属于“限定词”不是介词,也不是副词,
more than a decade and a half =over fifteen years
more than
A:+数词 意思“超过,多于”
He is more than 20 years old.
B:+名词 意思“不仅仅”
He is more than my teacher.
C:+形容词 意思“十分,非常”
She is more than beautiful.
Towards the end of the 1990s,more than a decade and a half after Diet Coke was first introduced, sale of Coca Cola's best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down.
参考译文(3):临近20世纪90年代末,无糖可乐被首次引进15年多年之后,可口可乐最畅销的低热量饮料的销售额似乎变慢了下来。
一小截整体上是什么结构呢?同时这一小截整体上充当整个句子的什么成分呢? 我个人的看法是:more than a decade and a half after Diet Coke was first introduced整体上是一个大的名词短语,而这个大名词短语,在全整个大句子中做状语;而在这个大的名词短语中带一个after引导的时间状语从句,修饰小名词结构a decade and a half。 以上是学生思考的浅见,请老师批判!。谢老师
继续回答如下:
其结构为:(时间段+after引导时间状语 从句)=A,其中A在整个句子充当状语成分. A用来修饰后面主句的“谓语动词”
你的理解很到位,很正确的!
对于(时间段+after引导的时间状语从句)这个说法,我有个疑问,就是"时间段"和"after引导的时间状语从句"是什么关系?如果"时间段""是被修饰的名词,而"after引导的状语从句"是修饰"时间段"的修饰语,那么问题就来了,状语怎么可以修饰名词呢??
继续跟踪回答:
你的这个问题问的非常好!按照以下几个方面给你讲解
(1)状语从句属于副词范畴,因此也叫副词从句.
(2)副词的主要功能是起状语的作用,也就用来修饰句子“谓语动词”修饰“形容词或者副词以及整个句子”
(3)副词除了承担起它的主要功能之外,它还具有以下几个功能
A:副词可以作定语
The people here are very kind.
The people there are very honest.
The man upstair is my father.
B:副词可以作表语
Class is over.
Tom isn't in .
The light is off.
The light is on
C:副词可以作宾语补足语
I found Tom in.
(备注:副词作状语是它的主要语法功能,副词作其他成分属于次要语法功能)
根据以上我们知道副词除了作状语,还可以作定语,表语,补足语,因此时间状语从句可以看作一个“副词”整体,也可以起着定语了作用用来修饰/限定/说面前面的名词。
现在明白了吗?如果不明白,请继续追问,如果明白,请采纳,谢谢!
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