10 关于系动词的用法

看张道真老师书上说

get doing something是系表结构 那为什么讲现在分词作表语一般都没有提到呢?

此外说appear get look都是加形容词 加过去分词 难道现在分词作表语不能用在里面吗?

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最佳答案 2016-10-21 15:58

1. get doing something是系表结构 那为什么讲现在分词作表语一般都没有提到呢?

——在get doing sth. 中, get是及物动词,意思跟start接近。doing sth.是动名词短语作get的宾语,不是现在分词,也不是表语。

现在分词作表语,实质就是形容词作表语,因为这类形容词是由现在分词变来的。如:interesting, frightening, exciting 等。

2. 此外说appear,get,look都是加形容词 加过去分词 难道现在分词作表语不能用在里面吗?

—— “感官系动词”和“变化系动词”是都可以接形容词的,从理论上讲,它们也完全可以跟由现在分词变来的形容词,但只是用于这些系动词的场合比较少见而已。


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陈才   - 英语教师
擅长:中考英语,词法问题

(1)get doing 属于动词作动词get 宾语用法

I can't get moving.  

我走不动了。

We went out for a moment and then got chatting together.  

我们出去逛了一会儿,然后在一块儿聊了聊。

Things haven't really got going yet.  

事情还没真正有起色。

get something done 呢?

(2)get sth done 属于 动词+名词+宾语补足语用法

I must get my hair cut.  

我必须去理发。

I've already got the dinner cooked.  

我已做好了晚饭。

They got a photograph taken together in

我们让她去透视一下。

They told the Emperor that he should get new clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.   
他们对皇帝说他应该用块绚丽多彩的布料做一身新衣服,好参加即将举行的盛大游行。

He got his leg broken in playing football.   
在踢足球时,他的腿骨折了。

She got her watch robbed of.   
她的手表遭抢劫了。

I don't want to get you connected with this.   
我不想让你和这事有牵连。

(3)keep doing sth 是动名词作keep 的宾语

The baby kept crying.  

婴儿一直哭。

She kept studying.  

她一直在学习。

Please keep sitting where you are.  

请继续坐在原处。

Why do you keep looking at me like this?  

你为什么老是这样看着我?

My shoe lace keeps coming undone.  

我的鞋带老松开。

The machine kept running.  

机器一直运转。

这里面还有分类写appear一般和过去分词连用 那不能说appear interesting吗?

(4)appear 为表像系动词,+形容词作表语


He appeared quite well when I saw him last.   
我上次见到他时,他好像(显得)很健康。

They appeared tired and panic-stricken.   
他们看起来很疲倦,而且显得惊慌失措。

The room appeared much brighter than usual .   
这屋子看来比平时亮得多。

The apple appeared sound on the outside, but it was rotten inside. 
这个苹果外表看起来很好,但里边已烂了。

That appears very plausible.   
那似乎很合理。

主语+系动词+表语结构用法如下


表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。

Our teacher of English is an American.(名词)

Is it yours?(代词)

The weather has turned cold.(形容词)

The speech is exciting.(分词)

Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)

His job is to teach English.(不定式)

His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)

The machine must be out of order.(介词短语)

Time is up. The class is over.(副词)

The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)

【系动词详细用法专项讲解】

系动词,亦称连系动词(Link Verb)。作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,亦称补语(形容词),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

分类:

【1】感官系动词; ①look“看起来”;②smell“闻起来”;③sound“听起来”;taste“尝起来”;⑤feel“摸起来”;

The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful.

这位女孩咬着嘴唇,看上去若有所思。

The flowers smell sweet. 这些花气味真香。

The music sounds sweet. 这首诗听起来真悦耳。

The silk feels very soft. 丝绸摸起来很滑。

You will feel better after a night’s sleep. 睡上一晚,你会觉得好些。

【2】变化系动词; ①become, ②grow, ③turn, ④fall, ⑤get, ⑥go, ⑦come,⑦ run.

The days are getting longer and longer. 白天变得越来越长了

It’s growing warm. 天气渐渐暖和起来了。

The telephone has gone dead. 电话不通了。

The tire went flat. 轮胎瘪了

He became angry with me. 他对我生气了。

It became dark.天气晚了。

They became good friends. 他们成了好朋友。

I became interested in drawing. 我开始对素描感兴趣了。

Maple trees turn red in autumn. 枫叶在秋天变红了。

It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has turned fine. 今天早上是阴天,幸好已经转晴了

Her face turned blue with fear. 他害怕脸都发紫色

【3】状态系动词; ①be,“是”,属完全系动词。

He is a doctor .

【4】持续系动词; keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, continue.

You’d better go to bed and keep warm. 你最好躺在床上去暖和一下。

I remained silent. 我仍然缄默。

The window stayed open all the night.这扇窗户整个晚上都是开着的

【5】表系动词 ①seem; look; appear ;

He appeared tired and sleepy. 他显得疲倦而且好像要睡觉了。

They seem quite happy. 他们似乎很快乐。

【6】终止系动词 : prove, turn out,

The treatment proved to be successful. 

这种疗法证明是成功的.




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