it must invest在这里是定语从句,但是it指代什么呢?

考研真题句子:

The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. 

请教:it must invest 怎么解析?应该是省略了 that 的定语从句,修饰前面 capital,但是其中的 it 指代前面什么呢?the cost of the capital it must invest 完整的还原一下怎么写呢? 可以分析下 it must invest 这个定语从句本身的句子成分吗(主谓宾)?

本句其它结构学生大致懂了,主要是上面这个具体问题,期待老师指导中............

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最佳答案 2016-10-07 15:34

The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. 

请教:it must invest 怎么解析?应该是省略了 that 的定语从句,修饰前面 capital,但是其中的 it 指代前面什么呢?the cost of the capital it must invest 完整的还原一下怎么写呢? 可以分析下 it must invest 这个定语从句本身的句子成分吗(主谓宾)?

所提问题回答如下:

The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital (that/which省略了)it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic.

参考译文翻译如下:

【参考译文1】从整体来说,虽然铁路行业有耀眼的资产,但它的收入仍然不足以支付为满足不断增长的运输需要而进行的固定资产的投资费用。

【参考译文2】从整体来看,尽管铁路工业有雄厚的资产,但是它所赚取的收入仍然不足以支付急剧上升的交通运输需要进行的资产成本投资费用。

以上句子(整体)语法结构分析如下:

主语:The railroad industry(铁路行业)

状语:as a whole(从整体来看)

状语:despite its brightening fortunes(尽管/虽有雄厚的资产)

谓语:still doesn’t earn(仍然没有赚取到)

结果状语:enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic

结果状语语法结构分析如下:

不定式:enough to

不定式宾语:to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic

修饰不定式宾语的定语从句: it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic

定语从句语法结构分析如下:

引导定语从句关系代词:that/which(充当定语从句宾语已经被省略了

定语从句主语:it(指代主语the railroad industry)

定语从句谓语:must invest

定语从句宾语that/which(代替先行词the capital作宾语省略

定语从句状语: to keep up with its surging traffic

重点短语归纳如下:

【1】The railroad industry(铁路工业)

【2】as a whole(整体来看;普遍说来, 一般地说)

【3】despite(尽管;虽然)

【4】its brightening fortunes(它的雄厚/耀眼的资产)

【5】earn enough to do sth(赚取足够金钱去做某事)

【6】cover the cost of the capital(足以支付资本成本/资本费用)

【7】the cost of the capital(资本成本/资本费用)

【8】invest +资金 to do sth(投资资金去做某事)

【9】keep up with(跟上/不落人之后/齐肩并进/紧跟)

【10】its surging traffic(它的急剧上升交通运输)

【11】surging  traffic(激增/急剧上升/突飞猛进的交通运输)



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其它 1 个回答

蒋红秀   - 英语教师
擅长:词法问题,句法问题,英语考试

1. it 指代 the railroad industry(铁路行业)。

2. the cost of the capital it must invest= the cost of the capital that it must invest

分析:

(1) the capital 定语从句所修饰的先行词

(2) that it must invest 定语从句:it 为定语从句的主语,must invest 为定语从句的谓语,invest 的宾语是关系代词 that(关系代词用作宾语,故可以省略),其中的关系代词 that在意义上等价于先行词 capital(资金)。

3. 句子的字面意思:尽管家底殷厚,铁路行业总的说来说还是没有足够的赢利来支付为跟上急速增长的运输需求所要进行的投资的费用。

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  • 效时 提出于 2016-10-07 05:56

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