There is no reason why we should not be friends.
我知道下面这个句子是同位语从句:there is no doubt that he will come。两个句子怎么比较?
why后面引导的句子是同位语从句还是定语从句?
There is no reason why we should not be friends.
我知道下面这个句子是同位语从句:there is no doubt that he will come。
两个句子怎么比较?
【答】在There is no reason why we should not be friends.中,why we should not be friends是定语从句,不是同位语从句。
理由是:
1. 在定语从句中,why是关系副词,本身没有词汇意义,只起引导定语从句的作用,可以省略,可以用that代替。例如:
Please tell me the reason why you were absent.
Please tell me the reason that you were absent.
Please tell me the reason you were absent.
请告诉我你缺席的原因。
2. 而在同位语从句中,why是连接副词,本身有词汇意义“为什么”,前面的同位语是“带有疑问”的词语,why不可以省略。例如:
The question why they were defeated was answered. 他们为何被击败的这一问题得到了解答。
3. 此外,还有when和where这两个词,也可引导定语从句,也可引导同位语从句。其用法跟上述why的用法是一致的。例如:
Sunday is the day when I am least busy. (定语从句)
星期日是我最不忙的日子。
The question when we will start the work is not decided. (同位语从句)
我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。
The place where I met her last year was Shanghai. (定语从句)
我去年遇见她的地方是上海。
The problem where they should get the money is to be discussed at the meeting. (同位语从句)
他们该从哪儿弄到这笔钱的问题将在会议上讨论。
【重要提示】关于引导同位语从句的连词的几个问题:
1. 具有陈述肯定性质的名词,后跟that引导的同位语从句;
2. 具有疑问或否定性质的名词,后跟wh-word (包括whetehr)引导的同位语从句。
3. 虽然是陈述肯定性质的名词,但是,一旦用于否定句或疑问句,有可能用wh-word (包括whetehr)引导。
常用的后跟同位语从句的词语是:
advice 建议
belief 信念
doubt 怀疑
explanation 解释
fact 事实
fear 担心
feeling 感觉
hope 希望
plan计划
idea 主意
news 消息
opinion 观点
order 命令
command命令
possibility 可能性
probability 可能性
promise 诺言
problem 问题
question 问题
reply 答复
report 报道
suggestion 建议
thought 想法
truth 事实
wish 愿望
warning 警告
information 信息
message信息
thought想法
现在以idea和doubt为例,说明为何既可以that引导同位语从句,也可以用wh-word引导同位语从句:
The idea that everybody will have fun makes us excited.
每个人都会玩得好的想法使我们感到兴奋。
I have no idea why he resigned his post.
我不知道他为何辞去他的职务。
There is no doubt that we will be successful.
毫无疑问我们会成功的。
There is some doubt whether he will be elected.
他是否能当选还不太确定。
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