正如黎老师所说,在介词后面的-ing形式是动名词,因为介词后面不能跟现在分词,可以跟名词,代词,形容词,副词,名词性从句,数词,以及有限制的不定式。之所以是动词,是动词加上-ing形式转化成动名词,起到了名词的作用。而过去分词如果想接在介词后,同样需要使用动名词的形式,因为过去分词是动词的变化形式,在词性上仍然属于动词,所以就不能直接跟在介词后面,要转化成动名词。下面给出几个跟在介词后面的过去分词的例子(注意过去分词前有动名词being,这类结构叫“动名词的被动式”):
Rose bushes shoot again after being cut back. 玫瑰丛修剪後还能再长出新枝。
He went to grass after being hit in the head. 头部被猛击一下后,他颓然倒下。
The city must be on the alert for being polluted. 城市要防止污染。
Asking for being connected again. 通话中断,请求再接通。
Crutch is a young woman obsessed with being considered a real musician and not everyone's little sister. 克拉琪深陷困扰,她被公认为一名真正的音乐家,而不是大家的小妹妹。
He shamed his family by being sent to prison. 他被送进监狱,这使他的一家蒙受耻辱。