2022-06-04 22:45 回答问题

从词法角度来说，这个名词短语better cranes and concrete有2中解释（所以是有二义性ambiguous）：1. better [cranes] and [concrete]2. [better cranes] and [concrete]具体哪一种是更加合适是由句子的上下文所决定的，也就是由语义来决定的。结合语境，我更倾向于1的这种解读：更好的起重机和更好的混凝土。另外需要说明的是，如果要表达2这种意义并且不会产生二义性的话，那么这个短语的顺序可以改为：such as concrete and better cranes通过改变短语或者子句的顺序来消除歧义是一种常见的做法。

2022-06-04 21:51 回答问题

[1] Five hundred kilometres over Europe, Ship OM-45 moved north.= [1a] Being five hundred kilometres over Europe, Ship OM-45 moved north.[1]和[1a]在语义上是相同的，在句法上不同：[1]是无动词分句(verbless clause)；[1a]是非限定性分句(nonfinite clause)。 是的，over是介词；无动词分句和非限定性分句都是作状语。

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2020-10-13 18:19 回答问题

《夸克大全》 P1396 18.38 Objects and paraphrases Note [a]:Where both O(d) and O(i) are pronoun, it would be usual to replace the latter by a to-phrase:She GAVE it to him.She gave it to HIM.Alternatively, we could have:She GAVE him it.She GAVE it him.She gave it HIMbut not:*She gave HIM it.*She gave IT him. 注：大写的单词可简单认为是这个句子中的重音。