下面的是一道高考题,2011年的陕西卷考题:
▲I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, ______ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
A. which B. where C. who D. that
此题答案是 B,这个好理解,因为定语从句的主语、谓语和宾语是完整的,不缺主语或宾语,所以不能选关系代词 which, who 或 that,故排除 B、C 和 D。另外,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,据此也可排除 D。
▲我的问题是:这里为什么不用 from where 呢?应该是“从山顶”去看吧,为什么不用 from where 呢?请专家老师帮我解决两个问题:一是这里能不能用 from where?二是,如果能用 from where,那它与单独用的 where 有何区别?
刚才找到了我以前给学生讲过的课件,摘录给你,以更好地理解。
1. where 意思是“在某处”,指地点,较模糊。
2. from where 意思“从某处”(相当于from+介词+which),比用where一个词显得更具体,更加形象生动,且符合英语习惯。
例如:
We climbed up to the top of the hill, from where we had a good view. 我们爬到了一座山顶,从山顶上看到美妙的风景。
=We climbed up to the top of the hill, from on top of which we had a good view.
=We climbed up to the top of the hill and from on top of the hill we had a good view.
解析:加上from是表示方向感的,在这儿表示登高而远望的意思,如果没有了from,就没有这种感觉了。如果去掉from:
We climbed up to the top of the hill, where we had fantastic views. 我们爬到了一座山顶,在山顶上我们看到了美妙的风景。
再例:
He hid himself in a tree, from where he could see the enemy in the distance. 他躲在一棵树上,从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人。
= He hid himself in a tree, from in which he could see the enemy in the distance.
= He hid himself in a tree, and from in the tree he could see the enemy in the distance.
解析:用from where把躲在树上窥视的动作表现得更加生动、形象,直接用where不具体,不形象。