一般过去时还是过去完成时(定语从句)

下面句子中定语从句中的时态为什么不用过去完成时?

很显然是先 make a mistake,然后才有这样的评价吧!

Marrying him was the biggest mistake she ever made. 嫁给他是她一生最大的错误。

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最佳答案 2016-06-15 16:12

你的句子中的定语从句用一般过去时或过去完成时都可以。主要看是否强调动作的先后关系:若强调先后关系,则用过去完成时;若只是陈述两件过去的情况,则也可以用一般过去时。

【补充说明】看了刘老师的解答,我稍有不同看法:我倒觉得这类定语从句通常是应该用过去完成时的。比如《牛津英语语法》的第21节就有如下说明:

……关系从句中经常使用完成时态:

It / This is the best beer (that) I have ever drunk. 这是我所喝过的最好的啤酒。

It / This was the worst film (that) he had ever seen. 这是他所看过的电影中最差的一部。

He is the kindest man (that) I have ever met. 他是我遇到过的最仁厚的人。

It was the most worrying day (that) he had ever spent. 这是他度过的最烦恼的日子。

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其它 1 个回答

刘永科   - 教育出版集团英语总顾问 & 英语系列图书主编
擅长:语法理论,语言学,文化背景

这位网友能问这个问题,看起来非常细心。

我看了童老师的回答。我觉得,从句和主句的谓语动词,虽然有先有后,但从句仍然不用过去完成式,这跟是否强调动作的先后关系不大。我认为,在主句是“主系表结构”的情况下,其表语从句或者表语的定语从句,谓语动词原则上不用过去完成时,都用一般过去时即可。因为,在逻辑上已经反映出动作的先后关系了。例如:

It was the best cake I ever ate. 那是我所吃过的最好吃的蛋糕了。

Who was the best pilot you ever saw? 谁是你见过的最优秀的飞行员?

This was the programme I was treated to that night. 这就是我那天夜晚被请去看的节目。

This was the line I took with Cromer in reporting my conversation witn Dobrynin. 我向克罗默通报我同多勃雷宁的谈话时,就是按照这种思路谈的。

This was the best lesson I ever had. 这是我上过的最好的一课。

In retrospect, this was one of the best decisions I ever made. 现在来看,这是我作出的最佳决定之一。

That was because he did not understand the nature of emotional greatness. 这是因为他不会从本质上理解感情的伟大。
The boss scolded him. That was because he came late. 老老责骂了他。这是因为他迟到了。
That was how I got my gastric trouble. 
我的胃病就是这么得的。

 That was how they sneaked by. 这就是它们能够溜进来的原因。

【重要提示】在下列句子中,主句和从句的时态使用,必须体现出动作的先后关系。

He asked me whether I attended the meeting. (误)

He asked me whether I had attended the meeting. (正)

He asked me whether I would attend the meeting. (正)

He asked me whether I was attending the meeting. (正)

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  • runfast 提出于 2016-04-18 22:27

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