这个句子中的 earth 前面为什么没用定冠词?尤其这里是与 the moon 在对照着使用,也没有用定冠词,有点奇怪,求专家解解释:
The moon is a satellite of earth. 月球是地球的卫星。
▲要点归纳
当我们谈论其它行星的时候,一般不加定冠词 the, 如 Mars, Jupiter。但是sun, moon, earth 三个单词的前面往往要加 the,尽管实践中有的老外不太坚守这个规则。需要注意的是,moon 前面始终需要加 the 来表示特指,因为宇宙中还有很多其它的月亮,比如木星就有好几个月亮。
这就解释了你的“The moon is a satellite of earth”(该句的作者没太坚守规则)。它等于The moon is a satellite of the earth。
此外,我们也可以把 Earth 作为专有名词(就像一个人的姓名),此时一般用大写的。如:Four billion years ago, Mars and Earth...(Earth此处指的是一个行星的名称)
▲老外观点节选
老外1:I teach science, and when we talk about Earth as a planet, there isn't necessisarily(“不一定”的意思) the preceding the word.
老外2:One certainly would not use the article before the names of the other planets, only in the case of the sun, the moon and the Earth. However, apparently some people do not insist on the use of the article.
▲例句集锦
1.Venus is about the same size as Earth.
2.Earth's geography is fascinating!
3.When the astronauts were on the Moon, Earth appeared as a large orb setting before their eyes!
4.The moon is a satellite of earth/Earth (其中大写的earth一般是专有名词,前面多不加the) =The moon is a satellite of the earth.
最后,希望我的解释能够做到通俗易懂,而且对你有所帮助。
▲陈老师在《play music与back to earth的用法疑问》(http://ask.yygrammar.com/q-6856.html )里提到:
back to earth 的 earth 前不宜加定冠词,因为这里的 earth 在此不是表示“地球”,而是表示“尘世”“人间”(与宗教中的天堂或地狱相对),其前通常不用冠词。又如:
Christ came to Earth to redeem us from sin. 基督教来到人世间是为我们赎罪。
Owls were believed to be restless spirits who had returned to earth. 猫头鹰曾被认为是重返阳间的不得安息的鬼魂。
▲谭老师在《被动还是主动?earth的首字母要大写吗?》(http://ask.yygrammar.com/q-6285.html )提到:
earth、moon、sun在表达这三个星球,但并不强调其天体的性质,只是从地球居民(人类)的角度看待的世界的一部分,要加定冠词 the(或者其他表示特指的限定词比如 no),但是一般可以不大写。
这种情况中 on earth、to earth 等搭配是不加定冠词的特例,请注意此处的 on earth 与上一种情况中的意义不同。
• The tribal people of the Americas thought of the whole earth as their home. 美洲的部落民族认为整个地球都是他们的家园。
• 71% of the earth’s surface is sea. 地球表面有71%是海洋。(这句话放在科技文体里要大写)
• I must be the happiest person on earth! 我一定是世界上最幸福的人!
• The space shuttle Atlantis returned safely to earth today. “亚特兰蒂斯”号航天飞机今天安全返回地球。
• There's no moon tonight. 今晚看不见月亮。
• By the light of the moon I could just make out shapes and outlines. 月光下,我只能分辨出物体的轮廓。
• The sun was shining and birds were singing. 阳光照耀,鸟儿啼啭。
• The sun was just setting. 太阳刚往下落。
特别地,在 planet 之后或与其他太阳系内行星一起出现时,为了体现名字,Earth 不加定冠词 the。
▲另外,英语语法网上的很多文章(如:http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/201309/3429.html )都提到:the可用于世上独一无二的事物名词前,例如:
The earth goes around the sun.
Copernicus concluded that the earth goes round the sun.