▲相似或关联修辞格(figures of resemblance or relationship)

1. allegory(讽喻；寓言)

2. allusion(引喻)

3. analogy(类比；比拟)

4. animism(比拟；卡通法；动画法)

5. antonomasia (借代；换称)

6. conceit(比附；比喻)

7. dysphemism(贬损；贬抑)

8. enallage(替换)

9. euphemism(委婉)

10. fable(寓言)

11. homericsimile(荷马风格式明喻)

12. kenning(迂说)

13. metalepsis(借代；转义)

14. metaphor(隐喻)

15. metaphor (1): dead metaphor(融合隐喻；终休隐喻)

16. metaphor (2): alive metaphor(鲜活隐喻)

17. metaphor (3): extended metaphor(延展隐喻)

18. metaphor (4): mixed metaphor(矛盾隐喻)

19. metaphor (5): metaphor of succession / without confusion(协调隐喻)

20. metaphor(6): personal (anthropomorphic) metaphor(拟人隐喻)

21. metaphor(7): submerged metaphor(潜性隐喻)

22. metaphor(8): organic metaphor(象征隐喻)

23. metaphor(9): telescoped metaphor(联珠隐喻)

24. metaphor(10): sustained metaphor(强进隐喻)

25. metaphor(11): diminishing metaphor(玄学派隐喻)

26. metonymy(借代；换喻)

27. parable(比喻；寓言)

28. personification(拟人)

29. personification(1): prosopopoeia(拟人)

30. personification(2): patheticfallacy(拟人)

31. personification(3): apostrophe(呼语)

32. personification(4): invocation(呼求；乞灵；祈求)

33. phanopoeia(示现)

34. simile(明喻)

35. simile(1): epicsimile(史诗明喻)

36. simile(2): homericsimile(荷马风格式明喻)

37. synecdoche(借代；提喻)

38. trope(比喻)

▲强调或含蓄修辞格(figures of emphasis or understatement)

1. adynation(玄乎夸张)

2. asyndeton(连词省略)

3. adversative asyndeton(反意连词省略)

4. amplification(渲染夸张)

5. anastrophe(倒装)

6. anticlimax(突降)

7. antiphrasis(倒词)

8. antistoichon(对照)

9. antithesis(对照)

10. aphorism(格言；警句)

11. apophasis(阳舍阴取；欲取姑舍)

12. apostrophe(呼语)

13. invocation(呼求；乞灵)

14. autoclesis(阳舍阴取；欲取姑舍)

15. auxesis(夸张)

16. bathos(突降；弄巧成拙)

17. climax(阶升)

18. contrast(比较；反衬)

19. correction(补充)

20. pairing synonym(同义词配搭)

21. epanorthosis(补充；补证)

22. epigram(隽语)

23. euphuism(尤菲绮斯体；绮丽体)

24. exaggeration(夸张)

25. exergasia(尤菲绮斯体；绮丽体)

26. hyperbaton(倒装)

27. hyperbole(夸张)

28. innuendo(暗贬；暗讽)

29. inversion(倒装)

30. irony(悖反)

31. irony(1): verbal irony(措辞悖反反语)

32. irony(2): situational irony(情况悖反)

33. irony(3): dramatic irony(戏剧性悖反)

34. irony(4): tragic irony(悲剧性悖反)

35. irony(5): comic irony(喜剧性悖反)

36. irony(6): cosmic irony(命运悖反)

37. irony(7): the irony of fate(命运悖反)

38. irony(8): world irony(命运悖反)

39. irony(9): philosophical irony(命运悖反)

40. irony(10): romantic irony(浪漫性悖反)

41. irony(11) socratic irony(苏格拉底式悖反)

42. irony(12): rhetorical irony(措词悖反；反语)

43. irony(13): dialectical irony(辩证悖反)

44. litotes(含蓄肯定；含蓄悖反)

45. meiosis(含蓄陈述)

46. negation(含蓄肯定)

47. oxymoron(矛盾修饰；精警)

48. paradox(矛盾隽语；警策)

49. paraleipsis(假省略真强调)

50. paralepsis(假省略真强调)

51. paralipsis(假省略真强调)

52. preterition(假省略真强调)

53. sarcasm(讽刺)

54. satire(讽刺；嘲讽)

55. satire(1): horatian satire(贺拉斯式讽刺)

56. satire(2): juvenalian satire(朱维诺尔式讽刺)

57. satire(3): indirect satire(间接讽刺)

58. syncrisis(比较；对照)

59. syneciosis(对照；反衬)

60. systrophe(定义堆累)

61. tapinosis(明夸暗损)

62. understatement(含蓄陈述)

63. vision(示现)

▲语音修辞格(figures of sound)

1. alliteration(头韵)

2. assonance(准押韵)

3. consonance(谐音)

4. dissonance(噪音)

5. repetition(重复)

6. repetition(1): anadiplosis(尾首重复；联珠；顶针)

7. repetition(2): anaphora(首语重复)

8. repetition(3): antanaclasis(原词多义)

9. repetition(4): catchword repetition(尾首重复；联珠；顶针)

10. repetition(5): chiasmus(颠倒重复)

11. repetition(6): correction(矫正重复)

12. repetition(7): cumulation(同意重复)

13. repetition(8): echo(回声重复)

14. repetition(9): epanadiplosis(首词尾复)

15. repetition(10): epanalepsi(嵌插重复)

16. repetition(11): epanaphora(首语重复)

17. repetition(12): epanastrophe(尾首重复)

18. repetition(13): epanodos(逆转重复)

19. repetition(14): epanorthosis(矫正重复)

20. repetition(15): epidiplosis(首词尾复)

21. repetition(16): epiphora(尾语重复)

22. repetition(17): epistrophe(尾语重复)

23. repetition(18): epizeuxis(紧接重复)

24. repetition(19): gemination(紧接重复)

25. repetition(20): gradation(尾首重复；层递重复)

26. repetition(21): identical rhyme(原词押韵)

27. repetition(22): incremental repetition(歌谣重复；悬念重复)

28. repetition(23): ploce(原词多义；同语新义)

29. repetition(24): palilogy(紧接重复；嵌插重复)

30. repetition(25): paregmenon(同源重复)

31. repetition(26): regression(逆转重复)

32. repetition(27): symploce(首语、尾语合并重复)

33. repetition(28): polyoptoton(转化重复)

34. repetition(29): tautology(累赘重复)

35. repetition(30): refrain(叠句重复)

36. onomatopoeia(摹声)

37. melopoeia(音响辅义)

▲文字游戏修辞格(verbal game and gymnastics )

1. ambiguity(意中寓意；双关)

2. anagram (拆词命意)

3. antistrophe(同语颠倒重复)

4. double entendre(黄色双关)

5. hendiadys(双词单意)

6. hypallage(移就)

7. palindrome(回文)

8. parody(仿拟)

9. paronomasia(双关)

10. portmanteau word(熔合词)

11. prolepsis(预言示现)

12. pun(双关)

13. quibble(双关)

14. quip(双关)

15. reverse(易位)

16. syllepsis (1)(一词多叙)

17. syllepsis (2)(兼顾)

18. transferred epithet(移就)

19. zeugma(拈连)

▲误用收效修辞格(rhetorical exploitation of errors)

1. anachronism(超前夸张)

2. bull(言辞矛盾)

3. catachresis(滥用比喻)

4. circumlocution(迂曲)

5. malapropism(误换)

6. metathesis(音位转换)

7. mimesis(模仿)

8. periphrasis(迂曲)

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