比较赞同你的判断。

首先，不妨可以参考一下英文词典对particle(小品词)的英文释义：

1.《牛津高阶英语词典》(朗文词典的解释与其类似) :

(grammar) an adverb or a preposition that can combine with a verb to make a phrasal verb

In 'She tore up the letter', the word 'up' is a particle.

2.《韦氏高阶英语词典》:

grammar: an adverb or preposition that when combined with a verb creates a phrasal verb

The phrasal verb "look up" consists of a verb "look" and the adverbial particle "up".

3.《剑桥语法》是按照adverb，preposition，adjective, particle来处理up一词的(摘录部分例句)：

1) Up as an adverb

We use up as an adverb to talk about movement towards a higher position, value, number or level:

She put the books up on the highest shelf.

The good weather has pushed sales of summer clothes up.

2) Up as a preposition

We use up to talk about a higher position or movement to a higher position:

He was up a ladder painting.

I followed Vivian up the stairs, where there was a small dining room.

3) Up as an adjective

We use up as an adjective usually to talk about increases in prices, levels or amounts:

The price of fuel is up again.

It was cold yesterday but the temperature is up today.

4) Up as a particle

Up is commonly used as a particle in phrasal verbs:

He was brought up by his grandmother.

Don’t give up. You will find a job.

What time did you wake up this morning?

Up is also commonly used as an adverb particle followed by a preposition in phrasal prepositional verbs:

I had to run to catch up with Elaine. She walks so fast.

个人理解，仅供参考。