I'll wait here until you're finished. 我就在这儿一直等到你做完。
请问上面句子的 you're finished 用对了吗? 为什么用被动语态? you're 是不是 you've 的误拼啊?
夸克《英语语法大全》(P.229)将这种结构称之为“假拟被动语态”,be finished表示一个结果状态,它和完成体一样,指动作所造成的状态而不指动作本身。所以,这里的be fihished就是系表结构,表语finished“完成了;结束了;准备好了”是过去分词变化而来形容词,表示结果或状况。主语可以是事物也可以是人称。例如:
The job is finally finished. 这项工作总算完成了。《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》
Everything is finished between her and him. 她和他已一刀两断了。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
I'll wait here until you're finished. 我就在这儿一直等到你做完。《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》
He was told he was finished at the club. 他得知自己在俱乐部已经完蛋了。《新牛津英汉双解大词典》
▲ you're 并不是 you've 的误拼,请参看牛老师提供的《牛津英语用法指南》的说明:
【补充说明】
假拟被动句就是系表结构。关于这种语言现象,夸克《英语语法大全》(P.230)有具体说明:
[a]有一种由表示移动或完成的不及物动词构成的假拟被动结构,这种结构中的分词在意义上是主动的而不是被动的:
Why are all those cars stopped at the corner?
By the time she got there, her friend was gone.
I'll soon be finished with this job.
就大多数不及物动词说来,这一结构已被完成体结构取代,两者几乎同义。试把Mary has come和古体Mary is come比较。
[b]表示姿态的动词也有类似的假拟被动语态:
Grandfather was sat in the rocking chair.
I've been stood here for abouty ten minutes.
在此情况下,这种结构大体上与进行体结构(was sitting, 've been standing等)同义,虽然不如进行体结构通用。
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