what的用法

Early in this research, it was clear to me that living a wholehearted life included engaging in what many people i interviewed called meaningful work.

问题:what 在粗线的句子里面是做什么成分,修饰的名词是哪个?可以直接省略吗?

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最佳答案 2023-10-16 19:32

截取一部分,engaging in what many people l interviewed called meaningful work

简化一下,这样的结构what many people called,有人把其称之为半插入语,去掉后,句子仍然完整,赵振才教授是这样解释的。但是,也存在问题。他书中有这样的例句:

Most of what we call geniuses are successful only because they have made extraordinary efforts.

此句如果去掉what we call,那么Most of geniuses…无法成立。

从结构上看, what many people l interviewed called meaningful work可以解释为词组动词engaging in的宾语从句,在宾语从句层级内,what作谓语动词called的宾语,meaningful work作谓语动词called的宾语补语。

从语意上理解,可以把what解释为融合关系代词,拆解为the thing which,即为,engaging in the thing which many people l interviewed called meaningful work,这里的先行词是engaging in的宾语,而关系代词是定语从句中called的宾语。但是,语意上解释为融合关系代词的what,在句子结构中被一分为二同时充当了engaging in和called的宾语,似乎说不太通。

所以,按照结构形式上看what充当何种成分,应该比较合理。融合关系代词可以作为语意上的理解。

但是,如果把what解释为融合关系代词,除了上述所举的例句外,这样的句子也无法解释:

They are what is called "the lowly" in capitalist society.

所以,不同的句子,有的可以采用半插入语的解释,有的可以采用融合关系代词的解释,但是,似乎难以二者通吃。不过,网友例句,应该可以有两种解释。

仅供参考。

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其它 1 个回答

陈才   - 英语教师
擅长:中考英语,词法问题

1句子的整体语法结构分析如下供网友参考that主语从句里嵌套一个what宾语从句

Early in this research时间状语//, it形式主语// was系动词// clear表语// to me 对象状语//that living a wholehearted life included engaging in what many people i interviewed called meaningful work主语从句.

 2that主语从句的语法结构分析如下供网友参考

 that 连词//living a wholehearted life主语// included谓语动词// engaging in what many people I  interviewed called meaningful work宾语//

3that主语从句里宾语的语法结构分析如下供网友参考

engaging in 动名词// what many people I  interviewed called meaningful work宾语从句// 

 4动名词engaging in宾语的语法结构分析如下供网友参考

what宾语// many people主语// I interviewed 后置定语//called谓语动词// meaningful work宾语补足语//

备注: what引导宾语从句作前面 动名词短语engaging in的宾语,或者说作前面介词in的宾语,同时在宾语从句作谓语动词called的宾语成分。

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  • Limincao 提出于 2023-10-16 14:27

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