Early in this research, it was clear to me that living a wholehearted life included engaging in what many people i interviewed called meaningful work.
问题:what 在粗线的句子里面是做什么成分,修饰的名词是哪个?可以直接省略吗?
截取一部分,engaging in what many people l interviewed called meaningful work
简化一下,这样的结构what many people called,有人把其称之为半插入语,去掉后,句子仍然完整,赵振才教授是这样解释的。但是,也存在问题。他书中有这样的例句:
Most of what we call geniuses are successful only because they have made extraordinary efforts.
此句如果去掉what we call,那么Most of geniuses…无法成立。
从结构上看, what many people l interviewed called meaningful work可以解释为词组动词engaging in的宾语从句,在宾语从句层级内,what作谓语动词called的宾语,meaningful work作谓语动词called的宾语补语。
从语意上理解,可以把what解释为融合关系代词,拆解为the thing which,即为,engaging in the thing which many people l interviewed called meaningful work,这里的先行词是engaging in的宾语,而关系代词是定语从句中called的宾语。但是,语意上解释为融合关系代词的what,在句子结构中被一分为二同时充当了engaging in和called的宾语,似乎说不太通。
所以,按照结构形式上看what充当何种成分,应该比较合理。融合关系代词可以作为语意上的理解。
但是,如果把what解释为融合关系代词,除了上述所举的例句外,这样的句子也无法解释:
They are what is called "the lowly" in capitalist society.
所以,不同的句子,有的可以采用半插入语的解释,有的可以采用融合关系代词的解释,但是,似乎难以二者通吃。不过,网友例句,应该可以有两种解释。
仅供参考。
【1】句子的整体语法结构分析如下供网友参考【that主语从句里嵌套一个what宾语从句】
Early in this research【时间状语】//, it【形式主语】// was【系动词】// clear【表语】// to me 【对象状语】//that living a wholehearted life included engaging in what many people i interviewed called meaningful work【主语从句】.
【2】that主语从句的语法结构分析如下供网友参考
that 【连词】//living a wholehearted life【主语】// included【谓语动词】// engaging in what many people I interviewed called meaningful work【宾语】//
【3】that主语从句里的宾语的语法结构分析如下供网友参考
engaging in 【动名词】// what many people I interviewed called meaningful work【宾语从句】//
【4】动名词engaging in的宾语的语法结构分析如下供网友参考
what【宾语】// many people【主语】// I interviewed 【后置定语】//called【谓语动词】// meaningful work【宾语补足语】//
备注: what引导宾语从句作前面 动名词短语engaging in的宾语,或者说作前面介词in的宾语,同时在宾语从句作谓语动词called的宾语成分。
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