The second part of this book
takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable
digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the
importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality
leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter
concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on
the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant
to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your
particular circumstances.
上面一段摘自2023年高考英语新全国卷1阅读理解C。我对其中的下面这句不理解:
I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use.
尤其是下面两个问题不理解:
(1) most now 起什么语法作用,修饰谁?
(2) spend 为什么不用过去分词?时间不是应该被“花掉”吗?
首先,网友要搞清楚“质疑”和“不解”的区别。比如原文说某词作状语,而你认为该词应该作定语并提出自己的理由,这可以叫“质疑”,但如果你不理解为什么该词是做状语,那叫“不理解” :)) 所以不宜对“相对权威”的语料,轻言“质疑”。当然,个人看法而已,非喜勿喷。回到网友的问题:
这里most其实是指“大部分人(the majority)”,所以它就是那个“人(most)+ spend + time/money/energy + on sth”结构,spend的主语是人most,不是“时间 the time”:
...the time ← most now spend ... : 大部分人花费的时间......
所以原句意思是:
取代时间→replace the time;取代什么样的时间?
most now spend →取代现在大部分人所花费的时间;花费在什么方面的时间?
on mindless device use →无意识地使用设备这个方面。
一家之言,仅供参考;
勤查英英,必有所获!
【1】most now 起什么语法作用,修饰谁?
解答:most为代词用法(大多数人)是定语从句的主语成分,now(现在)为时间副词是定语从句的时间状语成分。
【2】spend 为什么不用过去分词?时间不是应该被“花掉”吗?
解答:spend为动词原形,是定语从句的谓语动词,主语是most(大多数人)属于主动关系,所以不能用过去分词(spent),而且 most now spend on mindless device use(大多数人盲目地花费在设备上的)为限制性定语从句修身前面名词the time
I【主语】// examine【谓语动词】// issues【宾语】// such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure【同位语】// to replace the time(关系代词that/which省略) most now spend on mindless device use【目的状语】// .
备注(1):to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use为不定式作目的状语。
备注(2):most now spend on mindless device use为限制性定语从句修饰前面名词the time,定语从句夫人宾语为关系代词that/which充当被省略了。
备注(3):most为代词用法“大多数人”在定语从句作主语,now为时间状语,spend为谓语动词,引导定语从句关系代词that/which在定语从句作宾语省略掉了
备注(4):On mindless device use为介词短语作状语,结构为sb spend time on sth某人在某事上花费时间。
不定式短语语法结构分析如下供网友参考
to replace 【不定式】// the time【宾语】// (关系代词that/which省略) most now spend on mindless device use【后置定语】//
定语从句语法结构分析如下供网友参考
the time【先行词】//( that/which)【引导定语关系代词】//most 【主语】// now【时间状语】// spend【谓语动词】// on mindless device use【状语】//
备注:关系代词that/which指代先行词the time并在定语从句作谓语动词spend的宾语。
I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use.
参考译文:我仔细研究了一些问题,比如独处的重要性和培养高质量休闲的必要性,以便于取代现在大多数人花在盲目地使用设备上的时间。
备注:由于不定式是作目的状语,如果表示强调还可以放在句首
To replace the time most now spend on mindless device use,I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure.
参考译文:为了取代现在大多数人花在盲目地使用设备上的时间,我仔细研究了一些问题,譬如/例如独处的重要性和培养高质量休闲的必要性。
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