阅读中遇到这样一个句子,向老师们请教,It came as a shock when it was announced that Maradona died of a heart attack. 此句中It是形式主语的话,真正的主语是when引导的从句吗?
这里的it是虚拟主语,指代when引导的从句所表述的内容。状语从句不能用作宾语,因此用虚指的it占据其主语的位置。这样一来,when引导的从句在形式上是状语,而在语义上却变成主语了。另外,it还可以用作虚拟宾语,指代不能用作宾语的状语从句。例如:
I can't stand it when people behave like that! 我受不了人们的那种行为。《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》
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when it was announced that Maradona died of a heart attack 是时间状语从句,在这个从句中, it 是形式主语,was announced是谓语动词(被动语态), that Maradona died of a heart attack 是真正主语。