Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
句子来自2019版人教版高中英语新教材必修一的 Unit 4(p54)。
请专家老师分析一下 tsunami-hit 的构词法知识。
这里的 hit 具有被动含义吗?请列举几例类似的用法。
tsunami-hit 的意思是“受海啸袭击的”,这里的 hit 是过去分词,自然含有被动意味。the tsunami-hit countries 意思是“受海啸袭击的国家”,相当于 countries which were hit by the tsunami。类似的构词:
The crisis-hit firm will have to make redundancies. 受金融危机打击的公司将不得不裁员。
Supplies are now reaching the worst-hit areas. 救济品马上就会运到受灾最严重的地区。
UN planes have made air drops to 300 flood-hit villages. 联合国飞机已向遭受洪灾的300个村庄空投了救援物资。
The aid package for the earthquake-hit area will include emergency food and medical supplies. 地震灾区的救援物品将包括应急食品和医疗用品。
赞同蒋老师的解答,我补充几个类似的例子。我想man-made 这个词,网友肯定认识,也明白它的意思,相当于made by man。那么,换成了tsunami-hit 难道就不知道相当于hit by tsunami的意思啦? an English-written book, 我想你也一定认识吧,当然要理解为written in English. 这时就不能用by了。因此对于构词法的用法要学会举一反三,要动脑筋分析研究。类似的如:a storm-battered city, a poverty-stricken student 等。更重要的是:不要和名词+ing 构成形式混淆,如a Chinese-speaking community, a Chinese-written sign.
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