以下解答仅供网友参考

【1】A lot of work to be done, he had to go to the office quite early.【正确】

备注(1)：以上属于“名词+被动不定式”的独立主格结构作原因状语。

备注(2)：不定式动作逻辑主语，即不定式动作执行者不是句子主语。

【2】A lot of work to do, he had to go to the office quite early.【正确】

备注(1)：以上属于“名词+主动不定式”的独立主格结构作原因状语。

备注(2)：不定式动作逻辑主语，即不定式动作执行者是句子主语。

【3】A lot of work done, he had to go to the office quite early【正确】

备注：以上属于“名词+过去分词”的独立主格结构作原因状语。

【4】With a lot of work to do, he had to go to the office quite early.【正确】

备注(1)：以上属于“介词短语”作原因状语。

备注(2)：不定式动作逻辑主语，即不定式动作执行者是句子主语。

【5】With a lot of work to be done, he had to go to the office quite early.【正确】

备注(1)：以上属于“介词短语”作原因状语。

备注(2)：不定式动作逻辑主语，即不定式动作执行者不是句子主语。

更多类似于以上“名词/代词+不定式(to do/to be done)独立主格”在句中作状语的句子供网友参考

His friends to come tonight,he is busy preparing the dinner.他朋友今晚要来，所以正忙着准备晚餐呢。

No one to wake me up,I might be late for the first class.如果没人叫醒我，我会错过第一节课的。

Lots of homework to do, the little boy had to stay home all day.

由于有很多家庭作业要做，小男孩只好一整天待在家里。

No house to live in, the beggar had to sleep in the cave.由于没有房子可居住，乞丐只好睡在山洞里。

I sent you 100 dollars today, the rest to follow in a year.我今天给你100美元，剩下的在一年内接着给. 

We divided the work, he to dean the window and I to sweep the floor.我们分了工，他擦窗户，我扫地。

A number of officials followed the emperor, some to hold his robe, others to adjust his girdle and so on.
许多官员尾随皇帝之后，有的拎着皇帝的衣袍，有的则给他整腰带，等等。

He is leaving for the conference next week, all expenses to be paid by his company.
他下周去参加一个会议，所有费用由他的公司支付。

The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book.
我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一

Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.
种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。