He must teach himself that the basest of all things is to be afraid; and, teaching himself that, forget it forever, leaving no room in his workshop for anything but the old verities and truths of the heart, the old universal truths lacking which any story is ephemeral and doomed - love and honor and pity and pride and compassion and sacrifice.
我能体会到这个地方的lacking用法类似于without,但是lacking是形容词,没有介词的用法;如果这里是动词lack的ing形式,麻烦分析一下这种用法;谢谢!
我看这里的lacking实际是现在分词,但这里起介词作用,相当于without. 因为此文出自威廉福克纳的演讲词,作家有时会把词性活用。实际上,lacking的这种用法是罕见的。即使英语为母语的人都不宜模仿。
你可以参考一下WR外国网友的解答。https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/lacking-which-any-story-is-ephemeral-and-doomed.3173172/
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He must teach himself that the basest of all things is to be afraid; and, teaching himself that, forget it forever, leaving no room in his workshop for anything but the old verities and truths of the heart, the old universal truths lacking which any story is ephemeral and doomed - love and honor and pity and pride and compassion and sacrifice.
参考译文(1):他必须使自己明白世间最可鄙的事情莫过于恐惧。他必须使自己永远忘却恐惧,在他的工作室里除了心底古老的真理之外,不允许任何别的东西有容身之地。没有这古老的普遍真理,任何小说都只能是昙花一 现,不会成功;这些真理就是爱情、荣誉、怜悯、自尊、同情与牺牲等感情。
参考译文(2):他必须告诫自己世界上最没有出息的就是恐惧。与此同时, 他要永远忘掉恐惧。在他的创作中(工作室里)只能容许古老的真理和真实的感情的存在。创作要有真实情感, 包括爱情、荣誉感、同情心、自尊心、怜悯和牺牲精神, 这是一个普遍的真理。如果作品缺少了这些, 任何小说都是昙花一现,都注定要失败。
备注(1):the old universal truths lacking which...为一个带有定语从句的名词短语,关系代词which引导定语从句,which指代“the old universal truths”lacking which为现在分词短语在定语从句作条件状语。lacking which.....为定语从句修饰前面名词the old universal truths.
备注(2):lacking which=without which(表示条件关系介词短语)=if there are no the old universal truths.(if引导条件状语从句)any story 为定语从句主语,is为系动词, ephemeral and doomed为定语从句表语
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