我在张满胜老师的书中看到这样一个虚拟语气的句子I'm sorry you felt that a call with our producer to personally apologize would have been insufficient. However, to repeat, we're writing again to offer our sincere apology.
这句话的背景是这句话的背景是:2013年10⽉22⽇美国当地华⽂媒体报道指出,美国⼴播公司(ABC)深夜脱⼝秀节⽬中,⼀名⼉童在回答主持⼈吉⽶·凯梅尔(Jimmy Kimmel)的提问“美国如何偿还⽋中国的1.3万亿美元”时脱⼝⽽出,“要绕到地球另⼀边去,杀光中国⼈”。节⽬⼀经播出,⽴即引起当地华⼈⺠众的抗议。这句话摘自美国广播公司道歉信。张老师认为,这个电话并没有打,他说到:“如果电话打过了,⽽且中⽅依然认为电话道歉不够就会把过去虚拟形式would have been改为⼀般过去时态was,即...a call with our producer to personally apologize was insufficient.”
我觉得would have been如果是虚拟语气,可能会有一个隐藏条件,我问了问WR的友友们,其中一个人告诉我说确实有,可以理解为if the call had been made,另一位友友提供了一个思路The phrase "I'm sorry you felt that ..." in yor OP suggests that the addressee, some time in the past, said: "...a call with your producer [...] will be insufficient." And that would suggest that 'would have been' is reported speech of 'will be' (assuming that the direct speech statement happened well before reported speech, 'would have been' instead of 'would be' makes sense without knowing other details that happened since then).But that fact is academic; it's only useful for syntactical analysis. It does not truly change the idea the OP sentence wants to express.我觉得这位友友提供给我的信息让我更疑惑了,我觉得直接引语和间接引语讲得是的一个事情怎么还有发生的先后顺序我就不太理解了,更别说 without knowing other details that happened since then 了,不知道是不是我理解错了。
所以我对这个句子理解不好,有点混乱,想请问各位老师,到底应该怎么理解这个would have been。
我认为这个句子中的would have been不是虚拟语气。根据常识,如果ABC没有打电话做口头道歉的话,美籍华人是不会主动说口头道歉是不够的。另外后面ABC说 we are writing again..., 这个again也提示口头道歉是实际发生过的。所以不存在假设要是已经口头道歉了这个虚拟条件,因为口头道歉是过去事实。句子的逻辑意义是,我们过去做了口头道歉,很遗憾你们觉得口头道歉是不够的。这里 would have been的would 是表示推测的情态动词,即ABC公司认为华人觉得他们的口头道歉(已经发生过的过去事件)可能是不够的。所以ABC公司以书面形式再次道歉。总之,这个句子中没有虚拟语气。我们可以把would改为must,推测的语气就更为肯定,即你们认为我们的口头道歉肯定是不够的。
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I'm sorry you felt that a call with our producer to personally apologize would have been insufficient. However, to repeat, we're writing again to offer our sincere apology.
根据你提供的这句,从第二句看出这是一封书面道歉函。因此,可以推断电话应该是打过了,但是对方不满意,所以,补写一封书面信函道歉。作者为什么用would have been呢?这是美国英语里的一种用法,不是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。would have been 表示对过去已经发生的事的委婉推测。类似于must have been,只是语气没有那么强。另外,To repeat, 就是指为了再次表示歉意,因此write again, 按规范英语的说法,本应该是第二次写信的意思,但实际很可能不是,应该是第一次写信,句中的again 是多余的,应该去掉,这是母语的人容易犯的一个错误。
以上是我的理解,仅供参考。
如果觉得我的回答对您有用,请随意打赏。你的支持将鼓励我继续创作!