1) I have bought a new apartment, and now I can finally say goodbye to such a bad roof as doesn't even serve to keep the rain out.
2) “The students who learned to play a musical instrument in elementary and continued playing in high school not only score significantly higher, but were about one academic year ahead of their non-music peers with regard to their English, mathematics and science skills, as measured by their exam grades, regardless of their socioeconomic background, ethnicity, prior learning in mathematics and English, and gender,” said UBC education professor and the study’s principal investigator, Peter Gouzouasis.
第一句出现as doesn't even serve...这个as比较分句没有主语?
第二句出现as measured by their...这个as比较分句没有谓语,或者说省略了was?
请教老师:
a) 在什么情况下,as比较分句可以没有主语,类似句1)呢?(我以前没见过as比较分句没有主语的例子,所以感到不能理解);as比较分句是否也可以没有宾语或表语呢?麻烦老师各举一个例子。
b) 第一句是否可以添加主语,即变成 such a bad roof as it doesn't even serve to keep the rain out. 呢?添加后是否错误呢?
c) 第二句as measured by their 没有谓语或省略was,在什么情况下,才可以这样?或有什么条件才能省略was呢?该句中,as 充当了主语吗?麻烦老师用传统语法和现代语法对比分析一下。
谢谢老师!
猴哥确实火眼晶晶!我把网友的问题具体展开,谈我的想法,供网友参考。
a. 此句中这里as后一般不能有主语,因为在交流中会产生歧义,使用者会误以为as表示原因=because. 如果把as 改为that 后面就可以加主语了,为结果状语从句。that后如果省略主语,便是定语从句。你的句1多见于美国英语。比较从句当然也有省略谓语,宾语的情况。基本原理是为了避免重复。
b. 上面讲了,你的句子1如果添加主语,就是表示原因了。语法没问题,但语义有变化,从逻辑上欠佳,主句can最好改为must. 即:now I must finally say goodbye to such a bad roof as it doesn't even serve to keep the rain out.
c.as measured by... 可以理解为省略了was.加上也对。类似的如,as planned, as mentioned 等。但不是所有动词都可以,只有靠积累和记忆。没有绝对的公式可以套用。这就是英语的特点和难点。
我没有系统看过什么语法理论,主要是靠平时学习中逐渐形成的直觉。我做个比喻:现代语法和传统语法,就犹如西医和中医的区别,处方不同,但治的是同一个病,也都有治不了的病。所以有时需要中西医结合可能更好。最好是平时多积累,自然会有免疫力,不容易生病,即不容易写出错句子。
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