I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.
A. the evil B. evil C. evils D. an evil
参考书解释:答案A,此句出自罗素的《我为何而生》,句中evil为不可数名词,意为“罪恶,邪恶”,这里the evil表示特指......
疑惑:为什么不选B?字典evil词条下,作“罪恶”解释时,例句里的evil都没有限定词,如: the eternal struggle between good and evil; the forces of evil
查了一下原文是这样:
Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.
原文先列举了“世间不好的事情”,再说“我渴望能够减少邪恶,但是我无能为力”,evil可以理解为特指的罪恶。但是这道选择题没有上下文,B选项evil是否也可以?
我的理解是:参考书解答可能有误。这里是the + adj 的用法,evil为形容词,表示邪恶的东西。
请看Swan《牛津英语用法指南》的解释:
请看外刊例句:
1. In trying to hurt or wipe out our enemies, we are secretly trying to wipe out the evil in ourselves.
2. Solzhenitsyn wrote that revolution can never get rid of the evil inside human beings.
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这题有意思!没有上下文会有多种理解。我也注意到国外论坛有讨论这个问题,有一个理解值得我们思考: I think Russell could have written "evils" if he were meaning the specific evils he'd listed in the previous sentence (famine, torture, helplessness, loneliness, poverty, pain) but he didn't want to imply he thought he'd made an exhaustive list of the possible types of evil in the world that cause suffering. Instead he wanted to express that he wanted to alleviate, not just those evils, but evil in general.
我认为写这话的这人理解成the+形容词evil,表示抽象的概念(抽象名词),有点类似the good(与the poor这种不同)这种,当做单数看待,the evil=that which is evil。那问题来了,那么the evil与作不可数名词的evil又有什么区别?也就是B选项是否可以?有意思的就在于evil这个词的特殊性。
我觉得the evil有类指的含义,而不用冠词的不可数名词evil表示一般意义上的。
They swore to fight evil in all its forms.(Longman Collocations Dictionary and Thesaurus)
Superman is the epitome of the hero who defends good and fights evil.(英语搭配大辞典)
如果没有上下文,选B未尝不可。但是如果把上文补全,要选A,不能选B。
I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot.
A. the evil B. evil C. evils D. an evil
解答:evil ,当"邪恶;罪恶;恶行"来讲,虽然是“不可数名词”但是不可数名词可以用定冠词the修饰表示特指。
备注:不可数名词是不能被不定冠词“a/an”修饰,但是可以被定冠词the.
(1) a milk (错误) (2) the milk(正确)
(1) an evil (错误) (2) the evil(正确)
备注:evil 当“形容词”“恶毒的;邪恶的”前面可以加不定冠词“an”
(1)an evil woman 一个邪恶的女人
(2)an evil terrorist 一个邪恶的恐怖分子
(3)an evil man 一个恶毒的男人
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