What she lacks in patience she makes up for in determination.

What she lacks in patience为名词性关系分句作短语动词makes up for的宾语，宾语移至句首称为宾语前置，前置是一种强调的手段。what 在此为融合型关系代词，what= the thing which. in patience在what从句中作方面状语，即在耐心方面不足或欠缺的东西，她通过决心、坚定的意志来加以弥补。in determination这个介词短语是make up for的方式状语。