介词with和of使用辨析
老师您好！
看到书上填空题：
For nearly ten years dust blew on the southern plains of America, which caused serious results. People couldn't breathe when they went outside and children wore dust masks to school. The sky (was) often dark for days.
Over five million acres of land became desert during the Dust Bowl, forcing 200,000 people to leave their homes. The disaster was caused by bad farming methods and several years ( ) very little rainfall made things worse.
答案是填写with.
我琢磨了很久，没搞明白：
1）The disaster was caused by bad farming methods and several years (with) very little rainfall made things worse. 这句话怎么分析句法结构？
尤其是several years (with) very little rainfall made things worse怎么分析和理解？
2）我感觉答案是错的，应该填写of, 即：The disaster was caused by bad farming methods and several years (of) very little rainfall made things worse.
我分析是这样的：
The disaster was caused by bad farming methods - 一句话，然后用and连接另一句话，several years (of) very little rainfall made things worse.
其中，several years (of) very little rainfall made things worse. “several years (of) very little rainfall” 主语，made things worse. 其中，several years (of) very little rainfall 意思是：几乎不下雨的那几年。
然而，如果按照答案several years (with) very little rainfall - 这个短语要作主语，如何理解这里的with呢？
麻烦老师解开谜团。谢谢。
最佳答案 2022-04-09 15:14
你先看一个类似句子：
Mary in trouble is the reason why I am here.
表面上看，Mary是主语，in介词短语是定语。但逻辑分析就能发现我在这里的原因并不是Mary这个人，而是Mary in trouble这件事。即作主语的不是Mary，而是Mary in trouble. 相当于Mary being in trouble. 即一个名词词组实际表示的是一个分句的意义。
同理，你的句子中，是情况变得更糟的，并不是several year, 也不是little rainfall，而是 several year having little rainfall这个类似分句的的意义。with有have的意思。所以用with介词短语替换了having动名词短语，一个名词词组表达了分句的意义。这是一种特殊的主语情况。夸克对这种情况有过讨论的。所以，句子没有错误，用with比用of更为合理。如果你把with改为having，就成了动名词复合结构作主语了。
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