since 从句be动词的时态理解含义
老师您好！
1）The surface feature has remained in popular culture since the image of the "Face on Mars" was known.
可否说成...since the image of the "Face on Mars" "has been" known 用现在完成时呢？
2）语法书上说
She has never written to me since I was at this school. 自从我“离开“这个学校...
He has never come to see me since I was ill. 自从我"病愈"之后...
We haven't seen each other since we were in the same univeristy. 自从我们"离开"了同一所大学...
以上since从句要理解成“否定”含义，但是，同样的since was...结构，如下，理解却要和上面完全相反：
I have lived here since I was a child/since I was yong/since I was born/since I was 7 years old:
却要翻译并理解成'肯定“含义，即：自从我是孩子以来，自从我年轻时以来，自从我出生以来，自从我7岁以来”
，而不是"否定"意思呢？这是什么道理呢？被搞得晕乎乎的。
谢谢老师。
最佳答案 2022-03-31 15:57
since从句中为持续性动词或系表结构时，时间要从该动作或状态的结束之时算起。例如：since I lived here“自从我离开这儿以来”和since I was unconscious“自从我苏醒以来”。
1. 如果要表示从句中的持续性动作或状态延续至今，就应该用现在完成时，而不是用一般过去时。例如：
I haven’t been to the cinema since I have owned the TV set. 自从我拥有了这台电视机，我就没有去过电影院。
He has been looking for a job since he has been out of work. 自从他失业以来就一直在找工作。
▲“自从我生病以来”要用since I have been ill来表达。《葛传槼英语惯用法词典》正好有这样的说明和比较例句：
下面两句意思不同：
He has written to me frequently since I was ill. 自从我病愈以来，他屡次写信给我。
He has written to me frequently since I have been ill. 自从我起病以来，他屡次写信给我。
2. 任何语法规则都不是绝对的，例外的情况总是难免的。有时候（尤其是与年龄有关的since I was born / young / twenty / a child…等等）持续性动词或状态动词的一般过去时也可以表示动作或状态持续到现在，这类句子多半要用ever来加强since的语义。例如：
I’ve known her (ever) since I was a child. 自孩提时代起我就已经认识她了。
We’ve enjoyed the beautiful scenery ever since we stayed here. 自从我们呆在这儿以来，欣赏了美丽的景色。
3. 如果主句部分是“It is+一段时间”，情况则不同。此时，since-从句中无论是一般过去时还是现在完成时，一律表示动作或状态的完成或结束。在时间上，都得从since-从句中谓语动词的结束之时算起；在意义上，非持续性动词表示肯定的意义，而持续性动词却表示否定意义。在这种结构中，since-从句中绝对不能用否定式谓语。例如：
It’s about two months since he was ill. = It’s about two months since he has been ill. 他病愈约有两个月了。
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