3 after使用过去完成时的意义

 这是新概念3-36课:

When I was a boy, my grandfather told me how a German taxi driver, Franz Bussman, found a brother who was thought to have been killed twenty years before. While on a walking tour with his wife, he stooped to talk to a workman.

After they had gone on, Mrs. Bussman commented on the workman's close resemblance to her husband and even suggested that he might be his brother. Franz poured scorn on the idea, pointing out that his brother had been killed in action during the war.

Though Mrs. Busssman fully acquainted with this story, she thought that there was a chance in a million that she might be right.

1)After they had gone on - 这句话没看懂在课文中go on指的是什么?为什么不用一般过去时呢?that she might be right 同位语从句的先行词是整个a chance in a million 还是单个的 a chance 呢?

A few days later, she sent a boy to the workman to ask him if his name was Hans Bussman. Needless to say, the man's name was Hans Bussman and he really was Franz's long-lost brother. When the brothers were reunited,

Hans explained how it was that he was still alive.

2) How it was that he was...强调句?但感觉how句意不通,用why更好理解?!

After having been wounded towards the end of the war, he had been sent to hospital and was separated from his unit. The hospital had been bombed and Hans had made his way back into Western Germany on foot. Meanwhile, his unit was lost and all records of him had been destroyed. Hans returned to his family home, but the house had been bombed and no one in the neighbourhood knew what had become of the inhabitants. Assuming that his family had been killed during an air raid, Hans settled down in a village fifty miles away where he had remained ever since.

3) towards the end of the war 为过去时间点,之前发生的事件使用过去完成时,那么was separated 为什么不使用过去完成时呢?

The hospital had been bombed Hans had made his way back 2句话使用过去完成时又是参照哪个过去时间点或过去动作呢?

4his unit was lost and all records of him had been destroyed.- 为什么不是had been lostall records of him had been destroyed - 这个过去完成时含义呢?

谢谢老师!

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最佳答案 2022-02-22 18:22

1 After they had gone on=After they went on. after引导时间状语从句时,after的语义已经清楚表明主从句动作的时间先后,所以从句的过去完成时通常被一般过去时代替,二者在语义上没有差别。go on在此为不及物动词,意为做完某事后继续作其他事。即和workman交谈完后他们继续徒步旅行。after表示他们继续徒步旅行结束后。

2 how也可以表示原因。《韦氏高阶》疑问副词how的释义之一:: for what reason : why

How did you happen to move here?

“Is it going to rain?” “How should/would I know?” [=I don't know]

3 你对讲故事时说话人关心的时间点的判断有误。你已经不止一次问及此类问题了。我的建议是现在不要纠结太多,你自己仔细读这段文字,拿出一张纸,把所谓谓语动词表示的事件或状态按照逻辑上的时间顺序排列出来,然后你再慢慢体会作者为什么会使用过去完成时。如果你读完一段文字后对每个动作的时间顺序很清楚,就不必去介意作者使用什么时态。关键的一点是,作者在讲故事的时候,他的关注时间点会移动的,你要随着说话人的关注的时间点移动你的关注时间点。所以这里我就不啰嗦了。

4 was lost在此不是动作,而是系表结构表示状态。

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  • ykqstudy 提出于 2022-02-10 15:45