关于名词性从句的几个问题

1.书中:由连接代词whatwhateverwhoever等引导的主语从句一般不能用it做形式主语。

What he found surprised me. 是否可以改成 It surprised me what he found?为什么?

2.The government had promised to do_____ lies in its power to ease the hardships of the victims in the flood-stricken area.

A.however   B.whichever  C.whatever  D.wherever

lies in its power 怎么翻译呢?为什么不选B呢?

3.He's ____ as a “bellyacher”---he's always complaining about something.

A.who is known  C.what is known

who可以引导表语从句,并可作主语,为什么不选A呢?

 

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1 个回答

曹荣禄  
擅长:动词用法,句法问题

1 书上说的不够清楚。当whatwhateverwhoever引导名词性关系分句作主语时,由于这种分句本质上是一个名词词组被一个限制性定语修饰,相当于一个名词词组,而名词词组作主语,通常是不能外置的。所以名词性关系分句作主语通常是不能采用外置主语结构(即不能用IT作形式主语)。What he found surprised me. = The thing which he found surprised me. 这个句子不能改为外置主语结构。

2 whicheverwhatever之间的区别其实就是whichwhat的区别,前者指特定选项内的任何一个或一些,后者则没有特定选项。你的句子中并没有特定选项,所以用whateverlies in its power 指在其权限范围内。

3 bellyacher为俚语,指爱发牢骚的人。主语是爱发牢骚的人,这个表语是归属性表语,而不是确认性表语,所以,句子等于He is the kind of person that is known as bellyacher. that定语从句的先行词不是person,而是kindHe is 后接的表语是那种人、那类人,而不是那个人,所以名词性关系分句中隐含的先行词不是人,而是人的品质、素质。所以不用whoever,而用whatever引导名词性关系分句。

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  • 呀哈 提出于 2021-12-11 19:14