以下句子摘自高中英语人教版必修一第2单元:
To me, the story of the Terracotta Army is almost unbelievable. (p30)
请问放在句首的for me与to me有何区别?
◆To me, the story of the Terracotta Army is almost unbelievable.
用 to 还是 for,这与形容词的搭配、以及同一个形容词的不同词义有关。与位置没有关系,我把语序调整一下:
The story of the Terracotta Army is almost unbelievable to me.
这里,to 表示“对象关系”,意为“对某人而言”,重在表达看法。
unbelievable 接 for,也是可能的。比如,这项工作太难了,让一个孩子去完成,简直难以置信。可以这样说:This difficult job is unbelievable for a child. 这里,for 表示是否“适合,胜任”的意思。
以下是我之前的一个解答,也许对网友这个问题,有一定的启发。
◆学生问:有一次见到一本教辅书上讲,像useful, important, necessary这些词一样,good之后用介词to或for没有区别,可以互换。请问老师,这样说对吗?
这种说法是不对的。因为good有不同的含义,所使用的介词也不尽相同,而且to和for的意思也有差别。good在句中用作表语时,接to表示“仁慈,善良,友好,和蔼可亲”;接for可表示“有效的;合适的;胜任的”。如果表示“有益处,有好处”,用 to 或 for 均可。
下面,我们先看一个英语幽默故事:
A man was troubled by mice. They ran about all over his house at night. In the daytime, they just stayed under the floor.
The man thought, “What I need is a cat, a good cat that can catch mice.” He knew of a man who had cats for sale. So he went to see him. “Do you have a cat that is good for the mice?” he asked the man. “Well, yes. I do happen to have a cat that is good to the mice,” replied the man. “I’ll take it,” said the first man.
He paid for the cat and took it home. A week later, the cat didn’t catch any mice, but it played with them like old friends. So the man went back again with the cat under his arm. They had a quarrel because they both took the meaning of “good” as they needed.
上面的故事十分有趣。买猫人是想买一只good for mice的猫,然而,那个卖猫人有一只good to mice的猫,最后结果必然是一场quarrel。
下面,我们分析一下故事中的两个关键句子:
“Do you have a cat that is good for the mice?”
“你这儿有没有胜任捉鼠的猫?”
“I do happen to have a cat that is good to the mice.”
“碰巧我还真有一只对老鼠不错的猫。”
good表示“有效,胜任,适合”意思时,用be good for;good表示“仁慈,善良”意思时,用be good to。只有表示“对......有益处”时,两者可以互换。试比较:
1. 仁慈,善良,友好:
The old lady is good to the boys.(正确)
The old lady is good for the boys.(错误)
2. 有效:
The medicine is good to the disease.(错误)
The medicine is good for the disease.(正确)
3. 合适(匹配):
The gold chain was just good to Jim's watch.(错误)
The gold chain was just good for Jim's watch.(正确)
4. 胜任:
John is not good to the job.(错误)
John is not good for the job.(正确)
5. 有益:
Athletic sports are good to your health. (正确)
Athletic sports are good for your health. (正确)
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