3 句子分析
MA：Do you think that the present school system is an efficient way of educating children?
LES：Mm. . . well if you, if you accept that, you know, there have to be schools, it seems to work fairly efficiently. Of course one of our great problems in England is that we have very large classes and. . . um, it would be very nice if we could reduce that by at least half instead of there being forty children in a class, there are only twenty. . . mm and so that each child gets more individual attention so that their own particular needs just aren't passed over.
请教各位老师一下几个问题：
1、there have to be，有 there have to do的用法吗？there这里起什么作用？
2、of there being forty children，为什么不直接用instead of forty children in a class?
3、just aren't passed over，副词just这里起什么作用？表示什么意思？
最佳答案 2021-10-16 08:22
1 你应该学过there be存在句。there为虚指代词，作形式主语，be为不及物动词，表示存在的意思。后接的名词短语为真正主语。be可以用不同的时态，也可以用情态动词结构，例如：there is/are..., there have/has been ..., there will be ... , there must be..., there have/has to be..., there is going to be... 等等。
2 instead of there being forty children. 这是there存在句的动名词复合结构形式作介词instead of 的宾语。there为形式主语，being为动名词。动名词前带有自己的逻辑主语=动名词复合结构。
3 just为焦点副词，起强调作用。just强调哪个词就置于哪个词之前。本句中just强调谓语动词。例如，I just kissed her. 只吻了她，没做别的。I kissed just her. 没有吻别人，只吻了她。I kissed her just on the cheek. 只吻了她的面颊，没有吻其他部位。
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