The engine just won't start.Something seems to have gone with it.
这里为何用won't start 而不是用didn't start?
The engine just won't start. Something seems to have gone with it.
1. 这是情态动词 will 的推测用法,表示说话人对某一情况的主观推测。其推测程度仅次于 must。它与 must 不同的是,表推测时 will 可以肯定,也可以有否定式 won't,意为“不会;就是不能”,带有说话人的意志和情绪;而 must 只用于肯定。
这句话的含义是:“这台发动机就是发动不起来,好像出了什么毛病。”
2. 网友问为何不用 didn't start,这个问法本身就错了。这两句话是叙述目前的情况,与现在有关,而与过去无关。因为过去发动不起来,不等于现在不能,现在故障可能排除了。所以,应该问为何不用 doesn't start。而 doesn't start 只是描写现在的客观、实际情况,不含任何推测和意志。
3. 关于won't 推测用法举例:
This machine won't let you down.
你尽管放心,这台机器不会出毛病。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
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won’t是情态助动词will+not的紧缩形式,在这里具有情绪化的色彩,表示“拒绝、不肯、怎么也不,就是不”。又如:
I’ll be late for work, but my car just won’t start anyhow.(情绪化。“怎么也启动不了”,令人焦躁、烦心。)
再给两个《牛津》例句:
The door won't open! 那扇门就是打不开!
This dratted pen won't work. 这该死的笔写不出字来。
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赞同曾老师的解答。
will
的这种用法,我是在 2020 年疫情期间看台湾谢孟媛老师的《中级英文文法》视频课才知道的。
我的笔记里是这样记的:表示主语强烈的意志,固执。
The window will not open.
这窗子怎么也打不开。(表讲话人强烈的感觉。)
另见张道真《英语语法大全》:
946(2)Will可以表示现在或将来的习惯或倾向,would表示过去的习惯,常和一个频度状语一起用(用于第一人称时较少)。
He will often read all night.(现在习惯)
He will boast of his son whenever he meets friends.
He will sometimes eat supper in this restaurant.
He would read all night.(过去习惯)
I would sometimes see her.(第一人称主语)
Jealousy will(=can)spoil friendship.(倾向,“往往”)
The hall will sit a thousand people.
A lion will attack man.
People will talk.
Truth will out,just as oil will float on water.
Such shoes will last five years.
否定句表示“无法……”。
All your estate won't purchase this diamond.
This door won't open.
再看《韦氏词典》:
— used to describe a situation that is continuing一直;不断
He won't stop bothering me. [=he keeps bothering me; he refuses to stop bothering me]
他一直在烦我。
The door won't open.
这扇门打不开。