1. Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.
单从“屈服”“服从”的释义来讲,subject to的用法到底是 A subject B to C(a使B服从于C)还是A subject to B(a服从于b)或 A be subjected to B (a 服从于B)?
2. 另外困扰了多年的问题,“使……”这种用法,譬如subject to有使服从的意思,如果我想翻译成“使B服从A”?能否使用a subject to b?那与“服从”的释义是否会有冲突?
3. We must subject everything to careful examination.
在这语境下为何不能翻译成“使每一样东西服从于我们的仔细检查”,而是翻译为“我们必须对每一件事进行仔细检查”这种逻辑是如何转换?
1. Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. 单从“屈服”“服从”的释义来讲,subject to的用法到底是 A subject B to C(a使B服从于C)还是A subject to B(a服从于b)或 A be subjected to B (a 服从于B)?
——答:你的问题句的意思是:“此外,人类有能力改变自己的生存环境,从而使所有其他生命形式服从于人类自己独特的想法和想象”。这里相当于A subject B to C.我给你个简单例句你体会一下:They subjected him to torture.(他们对他严刑拷打)也可以说He was subjected (by them) to torture. 注意你写的A subject to B 是错的,subject 是及物动词,可以说A is subjected to B.
2. 另外困扰了多年的问题,“使……”这种用法,譬如subject to有使服从的意思,如果我想翻译成“使B服从A”?能否使用a subject to b?那与“服从”的释义是否会有冲突?
——答:使B服从A 应该翻译为:to subject B to A 或B is subjected to A. 不说A subject to B.上面讲了。你不要和be subject to的用法混淆,这里的subject是形容词。例如:All beings are subject to death. (人都会死)
3. We must subject everything to careful examination.
在这语境下为何不能翻译成“使每一样东西服从于我们的仔细检查”,而是翻译为“我们必须对每一件事进行仔细检查”这种逻辑是如何转换?
——答:不能这么翻译是因为中文表达习惯造成的。中文里服从只能针对有生命的东西,你能说让一把椅子服从你吗?但你可以说让猴子服从你的指挥。翻译成中文后要符合中文表达习惯。
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【1】subject adj. 可能受…影响的;易遭受…的;受…支配的;服从于…的(A be subject to B)
结构(1)为:A be subject to B 意思是“A取决于B”“A视B而定” “A受B的影响”
Prices may be subject to alteration.价格可能会有所变动。
In addition, interest on Treasury issues isn't subject to state and local income taxes.另外,国债利息不需缴纳政府和地方所得税。
结构(2)为:A be subject to B 意思是 “A受B的影响”
Flights are subject to delay because of the fog.由于有雾,航班可能延误。
All the holidays on offer are subject to availability.现行所有节假日只有在情况允许时才可放假。
结构(3)为:A be subject to B 意思是 “A服从B;” “A受B支配”
All nuclear installations are subject to international safeguards.一切核设施均须执行国际防护措施。
【2】subject vt. 使经受;使遭受;使服从(subject A to B; A be subjected to B)
结构:subject A to B 意思“使A经受B”“使A遭受B”“使A服从/顺从B”
Innocent civilians are being arrested and subjected to inhumane treatment. 无辜的平民正被逮捕并遭受非人的虐待。
The Roman Empire subjected most of Europe to its rule.罗马帝国把欧洲多数地区置于自己的统治之下。
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