Tom is upset about our forgetting his birthday.
这里的our forgetting his birthday是什么成分?是名词性词组吗?感觉形容词性物主代词+动名词+名词的组合怪怪的。
为什么是用forgetting动词ing形式?
our forgetting his birthday是动名词的复合结构作介词about的宾语,our是动名词的逻辑主语。在英语传统语法中,动词-ing根据其属性被分为“动名词”和“现在分词”两类。
1. 动名词前加上物主代词或名词所有格可构成“动名词的复合结构”,即给动名词加了一个逻辑主语,在句中用作主语、宾语或表语。若动名词不是处于句子主语的位置上,其逻辑主语通常用名词的普通格或人称代词的宾格,有时也用名词的所有格或物主代词。例如:
Tom’s / His smokingmade me uncomfortable. 汤姆(他)吸烟使我很不爽。
I don’t mind Tom (Tom’s) / him (his) smoking. 我不介意汤姆(他)吸烟。
▲ 在确定逻辑主语的格的形式时须注意以下几点:
① 无生命的事物名词作逻辑主语时一般采用通格形式。例如:
The suggestion of the meeting being put off was not adopted by the chairman.延期召开会议的建议没有被主席采纳。
② 不定代词或指示代词作动名词的逻辑主语时,一般不用或很少用所有格形式。例如:
He was awaken by someone knocking on the window. 有人敲门把他吵醒了。
I object to that being said about me. 我反对那样说我。
③ it作逻辑主语时可用宾格it或所有格its,但指时间时只能用宾格it。例如:
She was worried about the little bird; she was frightened of it/its building a nest in the chimney. 她很为小鸟担忧,为它在烟囱中筑巢而感到害怕。
— Why, it’s eleven o’clock already. 哎呀,已经十一点了。
— I’m surprised at it being so late. 这么晚了,真让我吃惊。
2. 现在分词前可以加名词的普通格、数词、不定代词或主格的人称代词等构成独立主格结构,常用作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随或补充说明等等。例如:
Weather permitting, we'll go outing tomorrow. 如果天气允许,我们明天去郊游。(条件)
She being absent, the meeting had to be put off. 因为她缺席,所以会议不得不推迟。(原因)
It’s so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 那儿湿度很大,所以树都长得特别高,一些高达90多米。(补充说明)
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