《关于不定式作定语的一个问题》
原文网址:关于不定式作定语的一个问题 - 柯帕斯英语网 (cpsenglish.com)
原文:你之所以选择错误,是因为你没有仔细体会不定式作定语时的意义,仅仅看到结构相似就作了选择,忽略了句子表达的逻辑意义。以下三个不定式作定语的句子,不定式其实表示的都是完成体的意义,若改为定语从句,则应为完成时态。例如
1 This was the moment when Neil Armstrong became the first man to step on the Moon
= ... became the first man who had ever stepped on the Moon.
2 I'd like to fight him because he's undefeated and I want to be the first man to beat him
= ... to be the first man who has/will have ever beated him.
3 He was the first man to navigate the Atlantic by air.
= ... the first man who had ever navigated the Atlantic by air.
即以上三句中的不定式都是事件意义,表示曾做过某事件的第一人。不定式及定语从句的先行词为序数词+名词。
我的疑问1:为什么先行词不是定冠词+序数词+名词,因为只有这样才能符合说话人的语言逻辑。
原文:而你的句子中,作定语的link却不是事件意义,而是习惯意义,若改为定语从句作定语,则从句用一般体,而不能用完成体。例如:
The first bullet train linking Beijing and the Xiongan New Area departed from the Beijing South Railway Station on Thursday.
= The first bullet train that links Beijing and the Xiongan New Area...
现在分词和定语从句的先行词都只是名词bullet train,不包括序数词。
序数词+名词+to do不定式只能表示事件意义,不能表示习惯意义,所以需要用现在分词作定语,表示习惯意义。
我的疑问2:为什么先行词不包括定冠词+序数词?因为后面的非限定分句吗?