Going into the room,he shut the door.如果想表示这件事情发生在昨天,yesterday加在哪里?
Yesterday, going into the room,he shut the door.
Going into the room yesterday,he shut the door.
Going into the room,he shut the door yesterday.
感觉三种都很别扭,是不是现在分词中不宜再加表时间副词,必须改成从句 Yesterday, he shut the door when he went into the room.
Going into the room,he shut the door.
我说一下这个句子的对错和好坏:
我认为,这个句子纯属是中国老师自己编的,是用来讲解语法的,使用现在分词表示时间先后关系。也就是说,语法虽然不错,但现实语言是不这样表达的。这个句子最正常的表达是:
He went into the room and shut the door.(通过语序表示先后关系。你不能颠倒说:He shut the door and then went into the room.)
如果一定要表示出时间先后关系,紧凑关系,那么可以用时间连词或介词去替换这个分词短语:
After he went into the room, he shut the door.
As soon as he went into the room, he shut the door.
After going into the room, he shut the door.
On going into the room, he shut the door.
由于 yesterday 这个时间是修饰整个句子的,而不是修饰从句或介词短语,所以,应该放在句首,统领整个句子。如果放在句首,应加逗号隔开,去掉原来的逗号(避免过多的停顿):
Yesterday, he went into the room and shut the door.
He went into the room and shut the door yesterday. (可以放在句末)
Yesterday, after he went into the room he shut the door.
Yesterday, as soon as he went into the room he shut the door.
Yesterday, after going into the room he shut the door.
Yesterday, on going into the room he shut the door.
如果yesterday 放在句末,时间状语也要调整。略。
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赞同刘老师的解答。我再补充几句我的理解。
首先这位同学能觉得这三个句子都别扭,说明你有一些基本语感。我想这个句子即使没有yesterday,本身也有逻辑错误。Going into the room,he shut the door. 你读这个句子后有什么感觉呢?我觉得读完一个句子应该在脑子里浮现出这种场景,否则等于没完全看懂。我想我们看中文也是一个道理。Going 是现在分词,一般应该表示和主句谓语shut同时发生的动作, 你觉得这样用符合逻辑吗?也就是说一个人进屋的时候能同时关门吗?那你还怎么进去?会不会把头挤扁啊?我再给你举个例子,He went home, carrying a basket of eggs. 这句话读完了,你应该浮现出他在回家的路上手里拿着一篮子鸡蛋的场景,所以这是合乎逻辑的。有了这样的语感,你再看你的那三句话,yesterday 放哪里都是错的,因为句子主干就不符合逻辑。所以,准确的说法,除了刘老师写的例句外,还可以这样改:Yesterday, having entered或after entering/going into the room, he shut the door. Yesterday不能放在room后,不符合惯用,因为它只能做状语修饰全句。这种having 结构,即使yesterday放句尾也不地道。如果是after entering /going into the room或比如用and连接的并列句的结构,可以把yesterday放在主句句尾。另外,Having gone的结构中,和主句shut 连用,最好改用entered, 避开使用gone into. 用on/upon entering the room 也可以,但不要用on/upon going into the room. 这仅是我的个人使用习惯和语感。因为having gone into the room, 这种结构多用于进入房间之后已经走了一段距离。如果再shut的door, 不合逻辑,你胳膊难道有几米长啊。 on/upon 的用法比较正式,所以用entering替代going into从文体看更合拍。不过这只是我个人的语感和使用习惯,大家不妨可以查一查依据。如果我说的不对,可以忽略或纠正。
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