老师说 in face of 与 in the face of 同义,也就是说用不用定冠词都可以,但我查了朗文词典、津词典、剑桥词典等(电子词典),都只查到了 in the face of,没有查到 in face of,这到底是怎么回事?如果真的可以说 in face of,请问有国外权威词典中的例句和短语吗?谢谢!
你们的老师说的是对的。
1.葛传槼《英语惯用法词典》指出:
in the face of和in face of相同,在英国通常没有the。
2.《美国传统词典》也认为in face of和in the face of相同。例如:
in (the) face of
Despite the opposition of; notwithstanding:断然不顾;不管:
“This statement flies in the face of accepted wisdom” (S. Fred Singer)
“这个说明勇敢地反抗公认的智慧”(S.费雷德·辛格)
▲美国当代英语语料库(COCA)中有许多这样的例句:
The attempts by Equity to modify the plan in face of stiff opposition has backfired.
Negative effects of nostalgia: delusion, denial in face of dire change.
We do what we must, in face of growing disappointment.
These groups did not fail in face of all the hype.
How could you manage to stay strong in face of such attempts to breaking your spirit?
In face of those questions, there are only two possible responses.
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是的,in face of 与 in the face of 都可以说,但前者主要用于英国英语。相关的观点出处有:
1.《英语介词用法词典》(强增吉,张月祥等编,上海译文出版社)在第233条的 in face of 词条就认为:in face of 与in the face of 同义。
2.《葛传椝英语惯用法词典》也认为:in face of 和 in the face of 相同,在英国通常不用 the。
在国外出版的英语词典还真没有查到,但在张道真的《现代英语用法词典》倒是查到了一句(该书虽是国内出版,但引用的是老外的例句):
He showed great bravery in face of danger. (Eckersley)