Many of the reductions over the past 30 years have been achieved either by reducing the amount of sugar, salt or fat in a product, or by finding an alternative ingredient.
Many of the reductions (主语)over the past 30 years (主语的定语)have been achieved (谓语动词)either by reducing the amount of sugar, salt or fat in a product, or by finding an alternative ingredient.(方式状语,由连词 either... or ...并列)