单词 distinction 单数用法困惑

It is not without melancholy that I wander among my recollections of the world of letters in London when first, bashful but eager, I was introduced to it. It is long since I frequented it, and if the novels that describe its present singularities are accurate much in it is now changed. The venue is different. Chelsea and Bloomsbury have taken the place of Hampstead, Notting Hill Gate, and High Street, Kensington. Then it was a distinction to be under forty, but now to be more than twenty-five is absurd. I think in those days we were a little shy of our emotions, and the fear of ridicule tempered the more obvious forms of pretentiousness. 

1)  Then it was a distinction to be under forty - 这句中的distinction前为什么可加a? 查牛津词典,似乎应该是:

(a)[U] the quality of being excellent or important 优秀;杰出;卓越

a writer of distinction 优秀作家

(b)[sing.] the quality of being sth that is special 特质;特点;不同凡响

She had the distinction of being the first woman to fly the Atlantic. 她不同凡响,是第一个飞越大西洋的女子。

所以,麻烦老师讲解一下这里的distinction的释义和用法。

2) 顺便请教老师,查词典有时会看到一个单词[sing.](使用单数),那么这种使用单数的[sing.]可否加a? 还是只能加the或零冠词? 

3) tempered the more obvious forms of pretentiousness - more 是修饰形容词的比较级,还是限定数量的呢?如何区分呢?


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最佳答案 2020-11-14 14:03

Then it was a distinction to be under forty, but now to be more than twenty-five is absurd.

【翻译】当时年纪不到四十岁就被看作了不起的人物,如今过了二十五岁就令人不可思议了。

 

这属于英语 “抽象名词具体化” 的表现—— 在有些抽象名词前加冠词a,就可以让这个抽象名词具体化,转化为可数名词。此情况在英语中很多、很常见。这里,distinction 原本是抽象名词 “优秀;杰出;卓越;与众不同”,加了 a 之后成为可数名词,指具体的人:“一个了不起的人;一个与众不同的人”。

例如:

help 帮助→a help 帮手

pleasure快乐→a pleasure快乐的事

success成功→a success成功者或成功的事

failure失败→a failure失败者或失利的事

beauty美丽→a beauty美人或美丽的事物

surprise惊奇→a surprise令人惊奇的事

honor荣幸→an honor令人感到荣耀的人或事

comfort舒适→a comfort令人感到安慰的人或事

shame羞耻→a shame令人感到可惜(耻)的人或事    

regret遗憾→a regret令人感到遗憾的事

joy高兴→a joy令人高兴的人或事   

danger危险→a danger令人感到危险的人或事

pity遗憾→a pity令人遗憾的人或事

youth青春→a youth青年人

disappointment 失望→a disappointment令人失望的事

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  • Pupil07 提出于 2020-11-08 18:40

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