a levelling system 运作原理
a free counselling service 免费咨询服务
a fishing holiday 度假钓鱼
the organizing committee 筹备委员会
请问这四组构词中前面动名词和后面被修饰的词是以什么样的方式组个在一起的?其构成何种关系?可以像house prices,consultation process一样改成the prices of the house,the process of the consultation吗?
这不属于构词法的内容,而是非谓语用法的范畴。即:是动名词作定语,还是现在分词作定语的问题。
1. a levelling system 运作原理
(目的或用途关系,可以改为:a system for levelling)
2. a free counselling service 免费咨询服务
(目的或用途关系,可以改为:a free service for counselling )
3. a fishing holiday 度假钓鱼
(目的或用途关系,可以改为:a holiday for fishing )
4. the organizing committee 筹备委员会
(1. 理解为动名词作定语,目的或用途关系,可以改为:the committee for organizing an activity 2. 理解为现在分词作定语,被修饰语和它的关系是“主谓关系”。因此,the committee that organizes an activity )
判断这类-ing,必须分清它是现在分词还是动名词。例如:
A sleeping car is a car for sleeping. 一节卧铺车厢 (动名词作定语)
A sleeping boy is a boy who is sleeping. 一个正在睡觉的男孩(现在分词作定语)
Drinking water is water for drinking. 饮用水(动名词作定语)
Boiling water is water that is boiling. (正在沸腾的水)(现在分词作定语)
如果是动名词,动名词作定语的意义特征是:
动名词作定语,说明它与被修饰语是“目的或用途关系”。所以,我们可以用for doing或used for doing 来置换这个动名词,放在被修饰语之后作定语。例如:
a swimming pool → a pool for swimming → a pool used for swimming 游泳池
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